ملت ابراہیمی کے احیاء کےلیے حضرت عبدالمطلب کی کاوشیں قرآن کی روشنی میں : ایک تحقیقی مطالعہ Efforts of Hazrat Abd al-Muṭṭalib for the Revival of Millat-e-Ibrāhimī in the Light of the Qur’ān: An Exploratory Study

This exploratory study delves into the remarkable efforts of Hazrat Abd al-Muttalib, the revered grandfather of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, in rejuvenating the Millat-e-Ibrahimi, the Abrahamic faith, in pre-Islamic Arabia. This study investigates the pivotal role played by Hazrat Abd al-Muttalib in preserving and strengthening the monotheistic beliefs of his forefathers, Abraham and Ishmael, against the backdrop of a polytheistic society. Drawing from historical accounts, oral traditions, and early Islamic sources, the research uncovers the strategies and initiatives employed by Hazrat Abd al-Muttalib to foster unity among the disparate Arabian tribes and uphold the principles of monotheism. This study sheds light on a crucial yet often understudied period in Islamic history, exploring the legacy of Hazrat Abd al-Muttalib as a precursor to the prophethood of his grandson, the Holy Prophet Muhammad. By examining his actions and their impact, it provides valuable insights into the early foundations of the Islamic faith and the broader context of religious development in the Arabian Peninsula. Keywords: Hazrat Abd al-Muṭṭalib, Millat-e-Ibrāhimī, Abrahamic faith, Pre-Islamic Arabia, Monotheism, Revival efforts, Arabian tribes۔

Transport and Gas Sensing Properties of Cadmium Titanate Nanofibers

In this work AC & DC transport and sensing properties of cadmium titanate (CdTiO3) nanofibers have been investigated. Study of AC transport properties were explored using temperature dependent impedance spectroscopy. DC transport measurements were carried out using temperature dependent current-voltage (I-V) characterization. Cadmium titanate/polyvinyl-pyrrolidone composite nanofibers were prepared using an electrospinning technique. When temperature increased from 600 °C to 1200 °C the phase changes in CdTiO3 nanofibers were observed. The nanofibers annealed at 600 °C had ilmenite phase with a very small amount of CdO. Pure ilmenite phase was obtained at 950 °C. Annealing at 1000 °C yielded pure perovskite phase. Further increase in annealing temperature resulted in rutile TiO2 phase. The average diameters of nanofibers annealed at 600 °C and 1000 °C were found to be ~150 nm and ~600 nm, respectively. The length of nanofibers was ~100 μm. Analysis of frequency dependent AC conductivity in ilmenite phase revealed correlated barrier hoping (CBH) conduction from 318 K – 498 K. In perovskite phase, thermally activated small polaron hopping (SPH) conduction played dominant role from 320 K – 420 K. In DC transport, Ohmic behavior was observed at low voltages followed by space charge limited current (SCLC) with traps at higher voltages at all temperatures (200 K – 420 K). Humidity sensing characteristics of ilmenite phase were investigated. Fast response time and recovery time of 4 seconds and 6 seconds was observed, respectively. The sensor was highly sensitive and showed a reversible response with small hysteresis of less than 7%. Long term stability of the sensor was confirmed during 30 days test. Oxygen sensing using ilmenite and perovskite phase CdTiO3 nanofibers was also performed. The gas response of the ilmenite nanofibers sensor to oxygen gas was twice as high as that of the perovskite phase. The response and recovery times were 120 seconds and 23 seconds, respectively for ilmenite phase, whereas response and recovery times were 156 seconds and 50 seconds, respectively for the perovskite phase. Better oxygen sensing characteristics of ilmenite phase were attributed to large surface area ~9.41 m2/g and porosity.