The Impact of Melaka as a UNESCO World Heritage Tourist Area on the Motivations

Malays will not disappear from the world." The oath of Admiral Hang Tuah in the 15th century seemed to have received his "luck". When UNESCO designated Bandaraya Melaka as a World Heritage City on July 7, 2008, The aim of this research is to determine what factors influence the motivation of tourists visiting the Old City area of Bandaraya Melaka. The research methodology uses quantitative descriptive analysis with a sample size of 37 people. Variable (X1): psychological motivation has no effect on tourist motivation (Y), cultural motivation variable (X2) has no effect on tourist motivation (Y), social motivation variable (X3) has an effect on tourist motivation (Y), and fantasy motivation variable (X4) has an effect on tourist motivation (Y). The R2 value is 0.682, meaning that the influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable is 68.2%. While the remaining 31.8%, other variables amounting to 31.8 percent could be from medical treatment, costs, and travel services, which were not examined in this research.

Autonomous Weapons and Their Compliance with International Humanitarian Law

This research will firstly, try to analyze as well try to bring light on the recent entry of autonomous weapons together with the issues pertaining to the usage of these lethal weapons and the compliance of these A.I based fully autonomous weapons with the laws, rules and principle of war including their compliance with international humanitarian law. These weapons are fully automatic and autonomous skilled with acquiring target without human emotion or cultural limitations. These weapons are capable of selecting the target and executing the targets on their own, without any human interference. It can be enabled to assess the situational setting on a combat zone and to make a decision on the required attack according to the processed information. These artificial intelligence-based weapons totally lack all the characteristic of human intelligence and decisions that make humans subject and accountable to rules and norms. Recently, the usage and deployment of these AI machines had posed threat to the norms and principle of laws of war, they have posed the fundamental challenge to the protection of civilians and to comply with the principle of international humanitarian law such as principle of distinction, principle of proportionality, principle of Military Necessity and Article 36 of additional protocol-I to Geneva conventions of 1949 etc. As autonomous weapons are not able to distinguish between soldiers and civilians they create a serious issue of whether they should be banned or not. Secondly, will tryto attempt and explain the question of responsibility for usingautonomous weapons, An autonomous weapon does not have agency, moral or otherwise, and subsequently cannot be held accountable for its actions. Moreover, if autonomous weapons were used in limited situations in the belief that they could function with discrimination, it would be problematic to choose exactly who was accountable for mishaps