علامہ اقبال اوردیگر ادبی مشاہیر کی شاعری میں نعتیہ عناصر
نعت گوئی اساسی طور پر مدحت ہے۔مدحت کی روایت دنیا کے ہر قدیم ادب میں موجود ہے۔نعتِ رسولﷺ حضرت محمدﷺ کی مدحت ہے جو دنیا کی ہر بڑی زبان میں کہی گئی ہے۔سیرت طیبہ ﷺ پر جس کثرت اور تنوع کے ساتھ اردو زبان میں لکھا گیا ہے اس کی مثال کسی اور زبان میں مشکل سے ہی ملے گی ۔اردو زبان وادب میں نعت گوئی کی روایت ایک بلند مقام و مرتبہ رکھتی ہے۔اردو کے ہر بڑے شاعر نے نعت گوئی میں اپنے جوہر دکھا کر عشق مصطفیٰ ﷺ سے اپنے ایمان کو منور کیا ہے۔ہندوستان کے بڑے بڑے اردو دبستانوں کے ساتھ ساتھ چھوٹے خطوں میں بھی نعتیہ شاعری کی روایت کا اپنا مقام ہے۔چھوٹے خطوں میں بھی اردو ادب کے بڑے بڑے مشاہیر پیدا ہوئے اور نعتیہ شاعری میں اہم کردار ادا کیا۔ان خطوں میں سیالکوٹ ایک اہم خطہ ہے ۔زیر نظر ریسرچ آرٹیکل میں خطہ سیالکوٹ کے اہم نعت گو شعرا کی نعتیہ شاعری کا تحقیقی و تنقیدی جائزہ پیش کیا گیا ہے۔
علامہ محمد اقبالؒ رسول کریم ﷺکی ذات سے ذہنی و قلبی وابستگی اور نعت نگاری میں معنویت و اثرانگیزی کے اعتبار سے دوسرے نعت گو شعرا سےمنفرد دکھائی دیتے ہیں۔کلامِ اقبال کا بہت بڑا حصہ نعتیہ مفاہیم کا حامل ہے۔اقبالؒ بظاہر روایتی نعت گو شاعر نہیں ہیں البتہ ان کا شعری ادب فکری و ذہنی تاثیر کے لحاظ سے بذاتِ خود نعت رسولﷺ ہے۔اقبالؒ سیرتِ طیبہ کا غائر مطالعہ کرنے کے بعد اس نتیجے پر پہنچے تھے کہ حضورﷺ کی ذاتِ گرامی تمام کمالاتِ ظاہر و باطن اور حقیقت و مجاز کی جامع ہے۔اقبال ؒ اپنے اشعار کے ذریعے باور کراتے ہیں کہ اگر تم ذات مصطفیٰ ﷺ تک رسائی حاصل نہ کرسکے تو سمجھ لینا کہ تم دین سے...
Semantic (علم المعاني) is the most interesting branch of Rhetoric. Al-Zamakhsharī has discussed its categories in his introduction to “Al- Kashshᾱf”. He has elaborated the terminology of Semantics but he did not arrange it separately in chapters and did not apply this division in Al- Kashshᾱf as well. The Great Scholar of Rhetoric Al-Sakkᾱkī has categorized semantics in the form of three terminologies: the Knowledge of Semantic, (علم المعاني) the Knowledge of Eloquence, (علم البيان) the figures of speech (علم البديع). Al-Zamakhsharī was very influenced by The Great Scholar and Literary Theorist Abd-ul-Qᾱhir Al-Jurjᾱnī since he implemented whatever Abd-ul-Qᾱhir Al-Jurjᾱnī pointed out in his book “Arguments of Miracles” and “Mysteries of Rhetoric” whilst analyzing Qur’ᾱnic Verses in his exegesis “Al-Kashshᾱf” on Rhetorical basis, though he mentioned in his exegesis all foremost and supreme aspects of Rhetoric which were not referred to by any former scholars. In this article I have widely discussed the unique and distinguished rhetorical topics, highlighted by Al-Zamakhsharī in his exegesis Al-Kashshᾱf, for instance; he semantically analyzed letters and verbs in the Holy Qur’ᾱn, particularly propositional and non-propositional verbs. At the end of this article I tried my best to conclude the topic with better sequences.
The human resource information system is a class of specialized applications that were designed to improve management of an organization’s human assets. Human resource information system supports the alignment of strategic outcomes which are essential for achieving sustained competitive advantage. Resultantly, human resource information system plays a major role in enhancing the organization’s performance, and impact its bottom line. The deployment of an effective human resource system is part of a holistic approach, partial implementation does not yield the same results.The main construct of interest for this study was the “extent of HRIS adoption”. The model that was developed and elaborated upon in this study incorporates the ideas of Mayfield, who provided a functional perspective of human resource information system, going beyond focusing on automating the various activities performed in human resources. The model then tests this impact of the extent of HRIS adoption on organization’s performance. Furthermore, the model developed for this study also incorporated the antecedents of the extent of HRIS adoption. In order to an all-inclusive model, the moderating role of HR staff expertise was also added to the model for the current study.Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire. The sample (n = 108) was drawn from organizations in the capital city of Pakistan. One-way Analysis of Variance was used to isolate the effect of contextual factors at the organizational and respondent level. Two organizational and two respondent level factors caused a significant variation in extent of HRIS adoption and one organizational factor caused variation in organization’s performance. Correlation analyses indicated the presence of a significant positive association between the antecedent and the outcome variable. Regression analysis was also performed and the results from this also confirmed the positive influence of innovation and environmental characteristics on the extent of HRIS. The extent of HRIS positive influence on organization’s performance. The results of the moderation analysis of the effect of HR staff expertise was not confirmed, although HR staff expertise was found to have a significant effect on organization’s performance.The results from this study contribute to the literature on extent of HRIS adoption in three ways (a) provides a different operationalization of the construct of extent of HRIS, (b) it examines the relationship between extent of HRIS, and its antecedents, (c) extent of HRIS adoption also tended to predict organization’s performance and its implications for managers and researchers have also been suggested.