نواب عبدالسلام خان رامپوری
نواب عبدالسلام خان مرحوم رامپوری سب جج ان لوگوں میں تھے جن کو کتابوں کا عاشق زار کہنا چاہئے، وہ عمر بھر نوادر کتب کے جمع کرنے میں مصروف رہے اور وہ ان کو اس قدر عزیز رکھتے تھے کہ ان کے لیے ہر قسم کی تکلیف گوارا کرلینا راحت جانتے تھے، مونڈہ پانڈے ضلع مراد آباد ریلوے اسٹیشن کے قریب ان کا گاؤں تھا، وہاں یہ ان کا کتب خانہ تھا، ابھی ایک ہی دو برس ہوئے کہ ان کا انتقال ہوا، ان کے صاحبزادوں نے اب اپنے کتب خانہ کی (۱۱۴۸) کتابیں مسلم یونیورسٹی کی لٹن لائبریری کو پانچ برس کے واسطے مستعار دے دی ہیں، کتابیں لائبریری میں پہنچ چکی ہیں اور ان کی فہرست تیار ہورہی ہے، امید ہے کہ ہماری مسلم یونیورسٹی ان جواہر پاروں کی قدر کرے گی اور اس مدت میں ان سے کچھ فائدہ اٹھائے گی۔ (سید سلیمان ندوی، فروری ۱۹۳۱ء)
Herbal medicines, complementary or alternative medicines is a wide term for the therapies that are not part of standard care but it has many theories regarding efficacy based on personal experiences, history and common knowledge. It has long been used since ancient times since the beginning of human civilization. Its use had caught much attention in the early 1800s, with the development in the science of chemistry, a new era in pharmacotherapeutics and the use of active chemical ingredients in plants which were known to produce favorable therapeutic effects, were explored, active compounds were extracted, purified and their structure was revealed. This advancement paved the way towards modern pharmaceutical therapy. The modern drugs are based on these herbal medicines, after extracting the active and pure chemical compounds. Pharmacokinetics and physicochemical properties of the active ingredients was explored. It lead to the better understanding of efficacy and safety profile of these drugs and first choice for treatment of various diseases. At the same time, the herbal medicines were considered as secondarily important. After approximately two centuries, the use of herbal medicines have seen a revival globally both in developing as well as developed countries. In the past few years, the practice of using herbal medicines as an alternative and complementary health medicine has gained more importance. Herbal medicines are common for treatment of various ailments including cancer, digestive disorders, pain related disorders, neuropathic ailments and cardiac arrhythmias etc. Even it has been used by pregnant females and mostly perceived as safe. Its use has gained more attraction due to its ‘natural’ approach and lesser side effects. Their use if often overlooked but physicians should pay attention to these medicines. There is lack of familiarity, standardization of the drug components, unproven therapeutic effects in various diseases, unexplored toxicology, pharmacokinetics, drug-drug interactions, and compatibility in patients with varying medical, genetic and demographic history. There are serious concerns regarding the safety, efficacy and quality of herbal products and nutraceuticals. Accidental contamination and deliberate adulteration are assumed to be the main cause of the side effects. Much of the herbal medical knowledge is scattered in different regions of the world and mostly available at family, community and local level and mostly in any native languages. There is need of coherent sources, knowledge, and exploration of these medicines across the world. The herbal medicine has varying diversity in different geological regions and they should be investigated. There should be a regional or national body to control and approve the herbal medicines. Proper documentations on these medicines and food supplements should also be done.
The purpose of this study is to explore authentic leadership attributes (ALA) in relation to organizational development (OD) of public and private sector universities. The ALA are self-awareness, relational transparency, balanced processing information, ethical perspective, and positive psychological capital. The components of OD are work engagement, job satisfaction, teachers professional trainings, follower leader interaction and follower authentic leadership development. Authentic leadership (AL) is a new construct in the educational leadership domain and has been developed in the recent organizational context in order to avoid the un-ethical practices of leaders within the organization. This study uniquely classifies authentic leadership theory from other leadership theories. Further, it coherently differentiates the intrapersonal (unveils how a person''s life experiences, motivations, and worldview shape one''s moral reasoning) from the interpersonal dimension (stresses the value of integrity, character and psychological capital as well as the ability to outwardly convey and genuinely model trust and transparency). The objectives of the study were to; investigate ALA of educational leaders, investigate the existing status of OD, compare and measure ALA and OD in public and private sector universities; and to explore process of transformation of leader into authentic leader. Research questions were formulated for the study. The population of the study was (6975) university leaders and teachers of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The sample of the study was 967 from 13 universities. Simple random and purposive sampling technique were adopted for selection of sample. The present study used the modified form of Authentic Leadership Questionnaire (ALQ) developed by Walumbwa, Avolio, Gardener, Wernsing, & Peterson (2008), self- developed questionnaire of teachers and interview protocol to collect data. Applying a convergent parallel mixed methods design containing two theoretical strands of data: (i) quantitative from ‗The university leaders and teachers+ Pilot Study‘, comprising questionnaires n=967 participants [484 male/483 female]; and (ii) qualitative from indepth interviews with n=30 of these participants [15 male/15 female]. The study utilized the conceptual framework of Authentic Leadership Theory. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analysis of gathered data using SPSS software version 21. Percentage, Mean, Standard Deviation, independent sample t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson‘s rank correlation and thematic analysis were practically used on the data. The findings show that the subjects have common shared preferences for certain ALA that are worldwide and all-inclusive. It was found that the r value (.355) which was significant at .000 showed a significant average level correlation in public, r value (.519) which was significant at .000 showed a significant large correlation in private sector and r value (.426) which was significant at .000 showed significant medium level correlations between authentic leadership and organizational development at university level. It was also found that there was significant difference in the male and female ALA and its influence on OD. Based on these findings, it is recommended that it may be well to conduct research study on the authentic leadership at primary level, secondary level and college level both at private and public sectors as these areas are in great need of authentic leadership because these sectors suffered a lot due to unethical attitude of the leaders. It is also recommended that all leaders and teachers must work in disciplined ranks to repel evil. They must choose between good and evil, with their consequences in the coming life. If they did well, they did well for themselves; if they did evil, they did it against themselves. The researcher had adopted mixed methods approach for the study. The attention of the future researchers is concentrated to employ qualitative or quantitative approach. The study notes the significance of personal growth for professional growth and argues that being true to oneself does necessarily lead to authentic leadership development.