ڈاکٹر محمد ضیاء الدین انصاری
ڈاکٹر محمد ضیاء الدین انصاری میرے مخلص اور عزیز دوست تھے، مجھے ان کے انتقال کی خبر بہت دیر سے ملی، وہ علی گڑھ مولانا آزاد لائبریری میں ڈپٹی لائبریرین تھے، وہاں جاتا تو مطلوبہ کتابیں فوراً حاضر کرتے اور چائے سے خاطر تواضع کرتے، اصرار کرکے گھر بلاتے اور پرتکلف دعوت کرتے، خدابخش لائبریری کے ڈائریکٹر ہوکر وہ پٹنہ گئے تو اسے ترقی دینے کے لئے متعدد کام کئے اور کئی سمینار کرائے جن میں مجھے مدعو کرتے، وہاں سے ریٹائر ہوکر علی گڑھ آئے تو مولانا حسین احمد مدنیؒ پر ایک سمینار کا پروگرام بنایا مگر وہ نہ ہوسکا، ضیاء الدین صاحب کو علم و ادب سے بڑا شغف تھا اور وہ اچھے منتظم بھی تھے، کئی کتابیں لکھیں لیکن اشاریہ نگار کی حیثیت سے انہوں نے اپنا خاص سکہ جمایا، وہ بڑے شریف، نیک طینت، خوش خلق اور مرنجان مرنج شخص تھے، اﷲ تعالیٰ انہیں جنت نعیم عطا کرے اور پس ماندگان کو صبر جمیل عطا فرمائے، آمین۔
(ضیاء الدین اصلاحی، اپریل ۲۰۰۷ء)
Imam al-Ghazali has criticized not the logical principles but their misuse and incompetence of philosophers. In addition, Imam al-Ghazali's objective position on philosophy and science in the objectives of the philosopher is highlighted that he had no problem with mathematics and in his view the difference in logic is actually the terminology. Imam al-Ghazali's personality has been debated in various contexts in the context of religion, philosophy and science, and even today new aspects of it keep coming to the fore. The reason for this is on the one hand Imam Sahib's intricate personality and on the other hand Imam Sahib's versatility. Modern studies have made Imam al-Ghazali an enemy of philosophy and science. Along with Orientalist wisdom, modern Islamic scholars also studied Imam al-Ghazali on the methodology of Enlightenment, due to which they too came to the same conclusion that Imam al-Ghazali is the biggest obstacle in the way of philosophy and science in Islamic civilization. Following in his footsteps, our traditionalist scholars now present Imam al-Ghazali as the victorious philosopher. No, but absorbed it. In this article, we have tried to make it clear that integration is a prominent element of Ghazali's philosophy of thought. Rejection of philosophy has become the identity of Imam Ghazali while passion for philosophy is a sign of his greatness of thought. Imam Ghazali's critique of Tahafat-ul-Falasfa defines the nature and scope of this critique. The main target of Imam Sahib's criticism was the theological conclusions of Muslim philosophers which contradicted the basic tenets of Islam. In addition, Imam al-Ghazali's objective position on philosophy and science in Maqasid al-Falasfa highlights that he had no problem with mathematics and in his view the difference in logic is in fact terminology. There is truth and falsehood in physics. We have to think about it. Yes, there is a lot of falsehood in theology. Imam al-Ghazali is the guarantor of the life of philosophy in theology. This article examines in detail the nature of the relationship between Imam al-Ghazali and philosophy, and how philosophy has influenced Imam Sahib's overall thought. The influence of philosophy on his theology, ethics, theology and principles of jurisprudence has been highlighted. At the same time, the effects of Imam Ghazali on philosophers and philosophers on Imam Ghazali are also presented with examples.
The present project was designed to synthesize six heterofunctional reactive dyes with the objective to achieve alternative commercial products having better exhaustion, fixation on the cotton fabric with improved fastness properties on the through exhaust and pad dyeing methods. Physico-chemical method was used for the purification of thenovel azo reactive dyes and characterization of the six novel dyes was carried out for the structure elucidation through the analytical techniques including FTIR and mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The effect of different dyeing process parameters (temperature, time and pH) on the dyeing quality was optimized for the pad thermosol dyeing through classical approach. Three important process parameters (salt, temperature and alkali concentration ) main and interactive effects were investigated through the Central Composite design on the exhaustion and fixation of novel dyes and results were analyzed by ANOVA and p-values. The exhaustion percentage at optimized conditions was 72 for D-1, 69 for D-2, 84 for D-3, 81 for D-4, 84 for D-5 and 87 for D-6. Similarly the fixation results were 67, 62, 79, 77, 79, and 82 for synthesized azo reactive dyes D-1 to D-6 respectively. From the results it was clear that D-6 showed highest exhaustion and fixation percentage while minimum results were obtained for dye D-2. Laboratory scale screen printing machine was used for the printing of six synthesized reactive dyes in paste form using 3% w/w. Color strength of the printed samples was determined and it was less than 60 percent after washing of samples. The colorimetric data of the synthesized dyes was determined with the help of spectraflash spectrophotometer by subjecting the dyed fabric to CIELAB and LCH system. Fastness properties (washing, rubbing, perspiration, light and chlorinated water) of the dyed fabrics were evaluated through ISO standard test methods. Fastness testing demonstrated significant results ranges from 3 to 5 on the grey scale. The results were compared with the commercial reactive dye Reactive red 195 and these are in close agreement. Ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) for the dyed fabric at 2% dye shade was also evaluated which was excellent to very good. Advanced oxidation processes were used for the degradation studies of the synthesized dyes and analytical studies of the degraded samples were carried out using UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopic techniques which confirms the degradation of the dyes. Results obtained showed the commercial viability of the synthesized reactive dyes.