Kharijites is a general term describing various Muslims who, while initially supporting the authority of the Caliph Ali bin Abi Talib, the son-in-Law and causing of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad PBUH, then later rejected his leadership. They first emerged in late 7th century, they considered the caliphate of abu Bakr and Umar to be rightly guided but believed that Utman ibn Affan had deviated from the path of Justice and truth in the last days of his caliphate, and hence was liable to be killed or displaced. They also believed that Ali ibn Abi Talib committed a grave sin when he agreed on the arbirtration with Muawiyah, in the Battle of Siffin, Ali acceded to Muawiyah's suggestion to stop the fighting and resort to negotiation, a large portion of Ali's troops(who later became the first Kharijites) refused to concede to that agreement, and they considered that Ali had breached a Qur'anic verse which states that The decision is only for Allah (Qur;an 6:57). The Subject of Kharijites have significant importance In Arabic literature because towards the life so there opinion and belief can be seen from there poetry, and in this these the focus was given to literary approach and contribution of kharijites.
In general, the results of research studies conducted by Professor Joseph Schacht and his fellows on criticism of Ahadith are contradictory with the results of Muslim Scholars. Muslim Scholars, point of view is that Muhaddithin have opposed, with full power, the condemnable tries for fabrication of Ahadith. Valuable principles for the identification of authentic and unauthentic traditions were the result of the struggles done by Muhaddithin. With the help of these principles the categorization of Ahadith came in to practical. Professor Joseph Schacht argues that the material presented as Ahadith and Sunna of Prophet by Muslim scholars is the production of later times. According to his point of view, there is no authentic hadith in the bulk of traditions and if assumed that there are few authentic, they are also mixed up with unauthentic and there is no possibility of identification of authentic one. This study is a try to identify the mistakes of his research approach.
This study looks into the determinants of foreign direct investment and economic growth of four countries
(Pakistan, China, Bangladesh and India) based on secondary data covering the period form 1970-2010. The
selected three countries are from Subcontinent. China is included in this study because China is getting highest
foreign direct investment and it is on the top of preferred destinations of foreign direct investment. Ordinary
Least Square (OLS) is used in this study to reveal the relationship between variables through two equations.
The results, obtained from the analysis show that large market size and growth in the market of the host
country are most significant determinants of foreign direct investment and foreign direct investment is an
important ingredient of economic growth and economic growth. The relationship between foreign direct
investment and economic growth is ilateral.
The results also reveal that domestic saving, growth in exports and employment are contributing to the
economic growth. Depreciation in the exchange rate and deficit trade balance attracts foreign direct
investment. When countries face trade deficit they adopt more favorable policies towards foreign direct
investment.