تحقیقات حدیث میں پروفیسر جوزف شاخت کی طرز تحقیق کا تنقیدی جائزہ

In general, the results of research studies conducted by Professor Joseph Schacht and his fellows on criticism of Ahadith are contradictory with the results of Muslim Scholars. Muslim Scholars, point of view is that Muhaddithin have opposed, with full power, the condemnable tries for fabrication of Ahadith. Valuable principles for the identification of authentic and unauthentic traditions were the result of the struggles done by Muhaddithin. With the help of these principles the categorization of Ahadith came in to practical. Professor Joseph Schacht argues that the material presented as Ahadith and Sunna of Prophet by Muslim scholars is the production of later times. According to his point of view, there is no authentic hadith in the bulk of traditions and if assumed that there are few authentic, they are also mixed up with unauthentic and there is no possibility of identification of authentic one. This study is a try to identify the mistakes of his research approach.

Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth: A Study of Subcontinent and China

This study looks into the determinants of foreign direct investment and economic growth of four countries (Pakistan, China, Bangladesh and India) based on secondary data covering the period form 1970-2010. The selected three countries are from Subcontinent. China is included in this study because China is getting highest foreign direct investment and it is on the top of preferred destinations of foreign direct investment. Ordinary Least Square (OLS) is used in this study to reveal the relationship between variables through two equations. The results, obtained from the analysis show that large market size and growth in the market of the host country are most significant determinants of foreign direct investment and foreign direct investment is an important ingredient of economic growth and economic growth. The relationship between foreign direct investment and economic growth is ilateral. The results also reveal that domestic saving, growth in exports and employment are contributing to the economic growth. Depreciation in the exchange rate and deficit trade balance attracts foreign direct investment. When countries face trade deficit they adopt more favorable policies towards foreign direct investment.