Present study was conduct to explore the relationship between parenting styles (authoritative, authoritarian
and permissive parenting style), self-esteem and achievement motivation in the context of public and private
sector secondary school students. The prime objective of the study was to investigate the relationship
between parenting styles, self-esteem and achievement motivation among secondary students, the second
objective of the study was to the impact of parenting styles and self-esteem on the achievement motivation of
secondary school students and third objective of the study was to explore the impact of various demographic
variables such as gender, grade, education sector, mothers profession , fathers profession, monthly family
income, birth order, number of siblings and mother tongue in determining parenting styles, level of self-
esteem and achievement motivation.
This study was consisted of three parts. Part I comprised of translation and validation of research instruments.
For the measurement of parenting styles "Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ)" based on 2 forms (mother
and father) 30 items in each developed by Buri was used, for the measurement of self-esteem "Self Esteem
Inventory (SEI)" consisted of 36 items created by Todd was used and for the measurement of achievement
motivation "Achievement motivation inventory (AMI)" comprised of 32 items developed by Immanuel was
used.
Part II of the study was comprised of pilot testing of translated research instruments on 60 secondary school
students. Part III consisted of main study, a stratified random sample of 300 secondary school students, 150
from public sector and 150 from private sector were selected in order to collect data. After data collection
data was analyzed by the help of SPSS 16 through using different statistical procedures such as Mean, SD,
Percentile Analysis, Coefficient Of Correlation, t-test and ANOVA. Findings of the study revealed that a positive
significant relationship exist between parenting styles, self-esteem and achievement motivation among
secondary school students.
ڈاکٹر عبدالحئی عارفی ؒ مارچ ۱۹۸۶ءکی آخری تاریخوں میں ہم لوگ مولانا سید ابوالحسن ندوی کے ساتھ مدینہ منورہ میں تھے، تو ایک صاحب نے کراچی میں ڈاکٹر عبدالحئی کی رحلت کی خبر دی، جس کو سن کر سب ہی ملول اور افسردہ ہوئے، مولانا علی میاں نے تو فوراًتعزیت کا تار لکھوا کر کراچی بھجوایا۔ میری نظروں میں ڈاکٹر صاحب کا وہ چھریرا جسم، منور چہرہ اور مطہر آنکھیں گھومنے لگیں، جب ان کو ۱۹۴۴ء میں پہلی دفعہ جونپور میں دیکھا تھا، اس زمانہ میں استاذی المحترم حضرت مولانا سید سلیمان ندویؒ کے منجھلے داماد برادرم سید حسین وہاں ڈپٹی کلکٹر تھے، ان کے کرایہ کا مکان ٹھیک ڈاکٹر صاحب مرحوم کے وسیع اور کشادہ مکان کے سامنے تھا، وہیں حضرت سید صاحبؒ ان سے ملنے گئے ہوئے تھے، میں بھی وہاں دو چار روز کے لیے پہنچ گیا تھا، عصر کی نماز کے بعد حضرت سید صاحبؒ کی نشست ڈاکٹر صاحب مرحوم کے گھر پر ہوتی، دونوں حضرت مولانا اشرف علی تھانویؒ کے خلفاء میں تھے، ڈاکٹر صاحب مرحوم حضرت سید صاحبؒ سے تقریباً پندرہ سال چھوٹے تھے، اس لئے ان کے ملنے کا انداز بالکل خوردانہ اور عزیز انہ تھا، مگر جس روحانی رشتے میں دونوں منسلک تھے، ان میں لطف وکرم، مہر و محبت، اور یگانگت و موانست کی نکہت بیزی اور شامہ نوازی کے سوا اور کیا ہوسکتی تھی، یہ خاکسار بھی ان نشستوں میں شریک رہتا، اس کے تھوڑے دن پہلے حضرت تھانویؒ کے بڑے مشہور خلیفہ مولانا محمد عیسیٰؒ کی وفات جونپور ہی میں ہوئی تھی، اس موقع پر امداد غیبی سے حضرت تھانویؒ کے اور خلفائے مجازین جنازہ میں شرکت کی غرض سے جس محبت سے پہنچ گئے تھے، اس کا ذکر زیادہ تر ان نشستوں میں ہوتا کہ کس طرح ایک نے غسل دیا، دوسرے نے نماز جنازہ...
Islam is a comprehensive code of conduct which encompasses to each sphere of human life. This also owns and endorses those manmade rules which serve the cause of humanity and not entering to its fundamentals. Adherence to Pakistani Traffic rules also falls under the preview of the same doctrine. It is very pertinent to note here, that the same traffic rules such as fastening of seat built, proper use of indicators, speed control etc. Have been devised to ensure the safety which starts from a pedestrian and ends up to a rider of any vehicle class. Any violation of traffic rules is an indirect breech of divine discipline imposed by Allah the Almighty. If the violation costs any damage, injury or fatal accident, this will directly be dealt under the principles set by Islam. This study aims at highlighting the significance of adherence to traffic rules which is directly linked to the ground safety. This ultimately serves the main purpose of saving any precious human life. If the same is ensured, no doubt the purpose of the holy verse would be fulfilled
Black Feminism: Intersectionality and Empowerment of American Black Women in The Novels of Gloria Naylor and Terry Mcmillan The study is designed to identify different systems of oppression American Black women face in their lives. The study explores common Black feminist themes in the novels of Naylor and McMillan. The study brings forth different systems of oppression that Black female characters of Naylor and McMillan face, and the ways in which these women struggle against different oppressions, and attain empowerment. The research is qualitative in nature, and the texts have been analyzed by feminist content analysis technique. The Black Feminist theory by Patricia Hill Collins as explained in her workBlackFeministThought:Knowledge, Consciousness and the Politics of Empowerment has been utilized as theoretical framework. The study is delimited to The Women of Brewster Place and Bailey’s Café by Gloria Naylor, and Mama and Waiting to Exhale by Terry McMillan. The content analysis reveals that race, gender, class, sexuality, disability and religion generate systems of oppression that African American women have to experience in their lives. In the intersecting systems of oppression these women either play the role of an oppressor or an oppressed. It is found that in order to fight against these oppressions, Black women attain empowerment through their work, education, relationships, culture and religious institutions. The study concludes that there is no universal female experience that can be applied on women around the world.