This study was comparative study of teaching practices and maladaptive behaviors of the students of three
armed forces colleges. In which both the methods qualitative and quantitative were used. The major purpose
of this study was to compare the teaching practices in three armed forces colleges and find out most common
teaching practices.
The study was also focused on comparison of maladaptive behaviours of the students and find out most
common maladaptive behaviours of secondary level students. Efforts were also made to find out the reasons
and possible solutions of those behaviours. Researcher has selected three armed forces colleges.
The study focused on secondary level students and teachers. Target population for this study was seven
hundred and ninety nine students. Total three hundred and sixty students were selected from the target
population, among them one hundred and eighty were males and one hundred and eighty females. All
teachers (sixty six) who were teaching at secondary level in three armed forces colleges. Researcher has
designed two separate questionnaires for students and teachers. SPSS software was used to analyze the data.
Statistical techniques mean difference, frequency distribution; one way ANOVA, t-test and chi square were
used to examine the data. Analysis of variance was used to find out significant difference between teaching
practices, t-test was used to find out gender differences and chi square was used to find out significant
differences between maladaptive behaviors of the students.
Main findings indicated that there were significant differences in teaching practices in three armed forces
colleges at secondary level.
It was concluded that behaviors like bullying, fighting, abusing, disrespect, irregular, whispering, talking
during lecture etc. were common in the students of armed forces colleges, but significant differences were
found in these behaviors, fighting, refusal to follow instruction, annoying other children, paying attention to
something else, interruption etc. The results also indicated significant differences in the opinion of male and
female students. The findings of the research will be equally important for the teachers, parents and
administrators of secondary schools.
شفیع الدین نیر افسوس ہے انھی دنوں میں شفیع الدین نیر صاحب کا بھی۷۳برس کی عمر میں دہلی میں انتقال ہوگیا۔مرحوم اردو زبان کے بچوں کے نامور شاعراورادیب تھے، اس حیثیت سے انھوں نے نثراورنظم میں پچاسوں کتابیں لکھیں جو گھر گھر مقبول ہوئیں۔انھوں نے اپنی زندگی گورنمنٹ کے ماڈل اسکول میں اردو کے ٹیچر کی حیثیت سے شروع کی تھی۔ ڈاکٹر ذاکر حسین جن کو خود بچوں کے ادب سے دلچسپی تھی، اُن کو جب مرحوم کی صلاحیتوں کا علم ہواتوانھیں جامعہ ملیہ اسلامیہ لے آئے اورانھوں نے پوری زندگی یہیں بڑی وضع داری، شرافت اورمروت سے گزار دی۔تقسیم کے بعد اردو پر زوال آیا تومرحوم کی شہرت، مقبولیت اور ہر دلعزیزی بھی متاثر ہوئی جس کااُن کو طبعاً ملال تھا اوروہ اُس کااظہار بھی کرتے تھے۔ بہرحال اُن کی کتابیں بچوں کے ادب کی دنیا میں اُن کے بقائے دوام کی ضامن ہیں۔اخلاق وعادات کے اعتبار سے بڑے سنجیدہ ومتین لیکن دیندار اور خوش مزاج تھے۔اﷲ تعالیٰ مغفرت فرمائے۔ [مارچ۱۹۷۸ء]
A will is a legal document that outlines how a person's assets will be distributed after their death. In some countries, the distribution of assets is regulated by law and not solely based on the wishes of the deceased. This is known as a mandatory will, which limits the amount that can be given to certain parties to no more than one-third of the total assets. Indonesia and Malaysia are countries that regulate the matter of mandatory wills. The purpose of this journal is to identify the similarities and differences in the provisions of mandatory wills in Indonesia and Malaysia, to determine the Islamic legal basis for mandatory wills, and to examine the development of mandatory wills in both countries.
Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus disease (HIV) is a worldwide health problem. It is estimated that 38.6 million people are infected with HIV globally. It has remained endemic in the African continent for close to 20 years and is a long term developmental challenge in Africa which bears 69 % of the HIV/AIDS global burden. The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has caused dramatic improvement in prognosis of HIV disease. Consequently, this has resulted in substantial reduction in Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) related morbidity and mortality. In contrast, this has been accompanied by an upsurge in liver- related morbidity and mortality. Studies have shown that deaths resulting from liver diseases rank second to AIDS-related mortality. Liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma are the leading causes. Others are steatohepatitis secondary to fatty liver disease. Studies on liver diseases in HIV patients have been done predominantly in those who are coinfected with hepatitis B virus/hepatitis C virus (HBV/HCV). These have shown high coinfection rates in the western countries. On the other hand, Sub-Saharan Africa has lower rates of HIV coinfection with HBV and HCV. Therefore, HIV-monoinfected patients are the majority, yet, there is scarcity of data on liver diseases in these patients. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of hepatic steatosis and the factors associated with hepatic steatosis in HIV monoinfected patients of African descent at Aga Khan University Hospital Nairobi. Objectives: Primary objective - To determine the prevalence of hepatic steatosis in HIV monoinfected patients of African descent on grey scale ultrasonography Secondary objectives – To determine factors associated with hepatic steatosis in HIV monoinfected patients of African descent on grey scale ultrasonography. Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study done between April 2015 and November 2015 through consecutive enrolment of 109 eligible HIV monoinfected patients of African descent at Aga Khan University hospital Nairobi (AKUH, N). The study was carried out in AKUH, N HIV clinic and radiology department. Results: Hepatic steatosis was diagnosed in 11% of the 109 patients (95% CI 5.5 - 17.4%). Male patients had a significantly higher prevalence of hepatic steatosis (19.3%) compared to the females (1.9%), AOR 15.4 (95% CI 1.7-138.0), p=0.014. Patients on HAART had a significantly lower prevalence of hepatic steatosis (6.5%) compared to those patients who were HAART naïve (37.5%), AOR 0.1 (95% CI 0.0-0.4), p=0.001. Other patient characteristics such as alcohol consumption, viral load, BMI and hyperlipidemia were not