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Home > Analysis of Foreign Language Teachers’ Professional Development: A Case Study of National University of Modern Languages

Analysis of Foreign Language Teachers’ Professional Development: A Case Study of National University of Modern Languages

Thesis Info

Author

Shireen Fatima

Department

Department of Education

Program

Mphil

Institute

National University of Modern Languages

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Subject

Education

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676728685641

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This case study was aimed at analyzing the current status of foreign language teachers’ professional development (FLTPD) at NUML, with focus on key areas of training & qualification, key teaching competencies, enabling competencies, and professionalism and measures taken by concerned authorities for their professional development (PD) in these areas. “European Profiling Grid” for language teachers’ PD was used as conceptual framework. This multiple instrumental case study was delimited to foreign language (FL) teachers working in 15 FL departments of NUML and each department was considered as a case. It was a mixed method descriptive research; both qualitative and quantitative approaches were used to collect and analyze data. Triangulation design was used; multiple perspectives were considered, involving FL teachers, their heads and university administration. Questionnaire, semi-structured interview and document analysis were used for data collection, which were designed keeping in view the conceptual framework. Data was collected during spring 2015, was analyzed for each of the 15 cases separately and later merged together for interpretation. This study analyzed the current situation of different factors that affect PD including working conditions, developmental stages of teachers and their organization. Findings of this study revealed that although opportunities are being provided but most of them are not specifically designed for FL teachers. More focused PD is needed to improve these areas, especially education & training, assessed teaching, methodology: knowledge & skills, and digital media need further development. Other problems faced by FL teachers include limited opportunities of higher education in Pakistan, lack of personal resources and organizational support for going to TL countries, unclear administrative policies, inadequate facilities for research, lack of time and human resources, lack of leadership, absence of qualified FL teacher educators, lack of collegial sharing and interaction, no access to latest material and technology, absence of motivation and incentives etc. This study provided statistics and recommendations for the introduction and development of an adequate and uniform process of PD according to the needs and levels of FL teachers and need of specific FLTPD through professional FL teacher educators was emphasized in the recommendations.
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ہجر فراق سوہنے یار دے وچ: ۶

سی حرفی ۔۶
الف
الٰہی بھیج ماہی نوں تھکے نین وچاری دے
لگی سانگ سینے وچ ڈاہڈی، کیتے قول اقراری دے
برہوں بن رسولی پنگرے، جاگے پھٹ بیماری دے
آکھ حنیف نہ ملیا ماہی، ٹُٹے جوش خماری دے

ب
برباد کیتا چا نیناں ، لگے وانگ کٹاری دے
نیوں لگا چخہ چڑھ بہنا، رونے عمراں ساری دے
نین نشیلے کردے حیلے، چھوپے پا دل داری دے
آکھ حنیف نہ ملیا ماہی، لکھے لیکھ لکھاری دے

ت
توے تے روٹی سڑدی جیوں کر ہِکے پاسے تے
دل جگر تے چکی چلے ، غلہ جیویں خراسے تے
عاشق نال رقیب سڑیندے جیویں معشوق دے ہاسے تے
آکھ حنیف نہ ملیا ماہی، جیوندے رہے دلاسے تے

ث
ثمر جے پیار دا چاہویں، عاجز پکڑ حلیمی نوں
گھر آئے دی عزت کرنی ہو کے کھڑا تعظیمی نوں
ونڈیں پیار جگت وچ بہتا، بھلیں نہیں کریمی نوں
آکھ حنیف نہ ملیا ماہی، سِک دے یار قدیمی نوں
ج
جوانی ایویں گزری، کدی نہ سدیا یاراں نے
رُٹھے یار ، غماں رُت آئی، موڑے منہ بہاراں نے
وچ حیرانی، سرگردانی، فانی ہوئے ہزاراں نے
آکھ حنیف نہ ملیا ماہی، ہو گئے حال بیماراں نے

ح
حاصل کی محبت اندر، سر بدنامیاں چائیاں نی
نعمت کھانے ، صاف پوشاکاں، مڈھوں منوں بھلائیاں نی
چنتے ، فکر، اندیشے آئے ، کر دے غم، چڑھائیاں نی
آکھ حنیف نہ ملیا ماہی، کیتیاں بے وفائیاں نی

خ
خدا دی ذات نرالی ویکھے ایس بیماری نوں
عشق ازل دا روگ اولا، کھاندا برہوں ماری نوں
وچ جدائی رہی ترہائی، وصل نہ درداں ماری نوں
آکھ حنیف نہ ملیا ماہی، بخشیں اوگنہاری نوں

د
دوائی روگ میرے دی، باہجھوں نہیں سجن دے کو
دے دیدار مرے دل دارا، موتی آس دے...

دعوت کے میدان میں تبلیغی جماعت کے مساعی و مشکلات کا تحقیقی جائزہ

Muhammad (PBUH) was the last Prophet. Almighty Allah sent Him message to preach the people, but the Kufar made His enemies. Instead the situation of opposition and hatred from his enemies how He treated them with patience and love. And how He would be able to establish Islamic states and invites the people of other areas towards Islam. Muhammad (PBUH) was succeeded from the reformers of his ummah and among these reformers were the founder of tableghi jammat, Molana Muhammad Ilyas Kandhalwi. This research paper will compare the difficulties of Muhammad's (PBUH) Da'wah with tableghi Jammat.                       

Antibiotic Residue in Poultry Products

This study was conducted for the detection and evaluation of antibiotic residues in poultry products. This research work completed in three different phases. In the first-phase sample, survey was done in different farm houses in and around Faisalabad, and antibiotic residues were detected by microbiological assay. In the second phase, withdrawal period of fluoroquinolone antibiotics was investigated in experimental birds. Samples of liver and muscles of these experimental birds were cooked by electric and microwave ovens. All samples (serum, muscle, liver, kidney and eggs) were extracted for fluoroquinolones and quantified by HPLC with fluorescent detection. Health biomarkers of all samples were analyzed by their reference methods. Percentage of positive samples for antibiotic residues was calculated during a survey. This indicated the wide-spread use of antibiotics in most farm houses and high residue persistence in liver, heart and lung tissues. Seasonal variations were also investigated, and residue prevalence was observed in rainy season. In phase 2nd withdrawal time study, the mean concentrations (mean±SE) of fluoroquinolones were calculated. Analysis of variance and Duncan multiple range test was applied. Significant differences were observed in concentrations (in serum, muscle, liver and kidney) of fluoroquinolones in different days after slaughter. The concentrations were significantly high at day 01 and then decreased and disappeared at day 03 and day 04, respectively. Fluoroquinolones level also depleted after cooking of meat. Health biomarkers were significantly affected by fluoroquinolones in treated birds. Deposition of these antibiotic residues in edible tissues causes many hazards to human as well as animals. In phase III of this experiment, muscles and liver that were positive for their residues during different days of the washout time were subjected to two different cooking methods i. e. by electric oven and by microwave oven. On each experimental day, muscle and liver residues, concentration did decrease significantly with microwave and electric oven cooked samples, and were below the maximum residue limit (MRL) value. Left over residue in meat below MRL’ s value cause allergic or anaphylactic reaction, toxicity, killing of beneficial bacteria in animal and human intestine and occurrence of resistant strains of bacteria in human. In addition aftermath of this will affect economy as well as health of the individuals.