المذهب الحنفي, نشأته, أطواره, استقراره, كتبه وطبقاته

In this article different era of ╓anaf┘ School of thought is discussed in which it is mentioned that ╓anaf┘ School got the general acceptance among people after the initial three stages of its Origination which lays the foundation of its Evolution and Promotion. First era is known as the era of “ Zahir ul Riw┐yah” renaissance starts from Hazrat Imam Ab┴ ╓an┘fa and moves on up to his disciple Hassan L┴lo’ (204 A.H.). There is no book found under the authorship of Imam Abu Han┘fa but his disciple R┐shid Al Mohammad has written various books. Some famous renowned books under the authorship of Im┐m Muhammad are Al J┐m‘ Alkab┘r (الكبري اجلامع, (Al J┐m‘ Al Sagh┘r (الصغري اجلامع, (Al Siyar Al kab┘r(الكبري السري, (Al Siyar Al Saghir(الصغري السري, (Al Mabs┴t(املبسوط (and Al Ziy┐d┐t(الزايدات.(Second era is known as Mas┐’l-e Naw┐dir. Books like Al-Kais┐niy┐t(كيسانيات َال, (AlH┐r┴niy┐t(اهلارونيات, (Al-Jurj┐niy┐t(رجانيات ُ اجل (and AlRuqiy┐t(ياتَّق َّ الر (are written under the authorship of Imam Muhammad during this era are consists of new topics that are not mentioned in the written books of earlier period.

Escalating Intolerance and Psycho-Cultural Warfare: Impact on Pakistans Governance

Prevailing rising of militancy, radicalism, terrorism and extremism in Pakistani society has become a real threat to Pakistan’s solidity and nation’s reliability. Organizations and establishments operating trying hard to restraint the threat but in fact they are the prime prey of terrorism and sustain damage caused by the militant’s group. The entire nation is casualty of killings, explosions, violence, violation of law and order and series of street crimes in the different part of the country. Psychological and cultural warfare which Pakistan is undergoing for last couple of years, is also depriving the country from efficient governance, prosperity and stabilization. The importance of good governance cannot be ruled out especially in this era of globalization, good governance has become an important element to achieve prosperity through social and economic stability. An effort is made to carry out a qualitative research on the presented theme. The study is carried out in a sequence having common understanding and prevalence of increase in intolerance and violence in the society at first level; which is followed by a dissertation on frightening gallop of the nation towards sorts of a cultural diffusion. Such disturbing situation of the society has effected the clans, ultimately putting the state into governance difficulties. The research is carried out by collecting data through (i) available Literature’s review (ii) Classified reports on the subject (iii) interviews of selected experts, think tanks and professionals on the appropriate arena (iv) live evidence from the society. The aim is to draw logical grounds for the decision makers to identify the areas to be focused for providing a respectable and reasonable life to the common citizen of Pakistan through good governance, economic stability, peace and harmony and rule of law.