Seeing Things Through Language: A Stylistics Analysis of Seamus Heaney's Seeing Things Poetry, being a genre rich in linguistic and stylistic devices, offers more than one interpretation. These devices, if closely studied and analysed, not only help reader reach meaning but also provide them an insight into the life and mind of the poet. The present research aims at finding connections between the themes of the poetic volume Seeing Things and its use of Figurative Language and Parallelism. The objectives of the research are to study the role of Style in formulation of meaning and to analyse the way language works to convey ideas. These objectives have been achieved through a stylistic analysis of the figures of speech and parallels in the volume. The research is an example of close textual analysis with a perspective of studying the contribution of stylistic devices in the formulation of overall meaning and impression of the volume. The figures of speech that have been analysed include imagery, symbols, similes, metaphors, alliteration, onomatopoeia and personification. In order to carryout the stylistic analysis, an innovative integrative analytical model has been used. The analytical framework of Geoffrey Leech has also been applied at metaphors. The findings of the research show that the linguistic and stylistic devices used by the poet, Seamus Heaney, not only work to reinforce the meaning of the volume but they also have a bearing on the themes and ideas presented and portray a picture of Heaney's mind, life and Northern rural Irish surroundings.
اللہ تعالیٰ ارشاد فرماتے ہیں کہ جو لوگ ایمان لائے اور نیک اعمال کرتے ہیں اور ان کے مقابلے میں جو لوگ زمین میں فساد پھیلاتے ہیں اپنے معاملات کی درستگی نہیں کرتے اللہ کے بتائے ہوئے قوانین کی پاسداری نہیں کرتے ، اسلام نے جن کاموں کرنے سے منع کیا ہے اس سے باز نہیں آتے اسے نہیں چھوڑتے یا زمین میں سرکشی اور فساد کو فروغ دیتے ہیں تو ایسے لوگوں کے لئے دردناک عذاب ہے، یہ لوگ کبھی بھی ایمان والے لوگوں کے برابر نہیں ہوسکتے۔
قرآن مجید میں زندگی گزارنے کے لئے لیے تمام قسم کے احکامات موجود ہیں ۔اس فصل میں معاملات کے متعلق آیات استفہام تفسیر تفہیم القرآن کی روشنی میں بیان کی گئی ہیں جو کہ درج ذیل ہیں۔
Network analysis has played a pivotal role in shaping the academic landscape in an era characterized by connectivity and information sharing. Pakistan is at the intersection of this technological revolution with a strong academic heritage and a growing desire for knowledge. The goal of the editorial piece "Unveiling the Landscape: Network Analysis in Pakistan's Academic Realm" is to highlight the increasing importance of network analysis in Pakistani academia and the ways in which it is changing the production, utilization, and dissemination of knowledge.
The principal objective of the research conducted during this study is to provide a profound knowledge of the ecological status and functioning of exposed sandy beaches of Karachi coast. This assessment was established on the basis of functionally important benthic community structure in response to environmental conditions which is the first comprehensive study at studied beaches at Karachi coast. In chapter 1, macrobenthic community structure of the exposed sandy beaches of Sandspit and Hawksbay in relation to physicochemical parameters and sediment characteristics is studied during 2013-2014. A total of 96 samples were collected in duplicate by quadrat (0.25 m-2) method from high tide (HT) and low tide (LT) mark for macrofauna abundance and sediment analysis from four stations (S1, S2, H1 and H2). Water samples were analyzed for temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen and nutrients analysis (NH4, NO3, PO4) by applying standard methods. Sediment samples were divided into three layers, each layer was analyzed for moisture and organic content and grain size analysis. A total of 1307 organisms 0.25m-2 belong to 83 macrobenthic species recorded during this study out of which 12 species are first records from Pakistan. A sum of 662 organisms 0.25m-2 were recorded from Sandspit and 645 organisms 0.25m-2 from Hawksbay. The most diversified macrobenthic groups of species were polychaeta (38%) followed by gastropoda (24%), crustacea (19%) and bivalvia (12%) respectively. Whereas, the most abundant faunal groups were polychaeta (44 %), crustacea (25 %), bivalvia (14 %) and gastropoda (11%). Euterpina acutifrons, Glycera alba, Donax hanlyanus, Prionospio sp. were the most dominant species at studied beaches. SIMPER analysis showed average similarity 37.5% between sites. The highest macrobenthic abundance was recorded in NEMS (414 0.25m-2) and PRMS (379 0.25m-2) and lowest during SWMS (211 macrobenthos 0.25m-2). ANOVA showed impact of different environmental parameters such as salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen and moisture content on macrofaunal assemblages. The species composition and abundance showed a clear separation between studied sites during monsoon seasons indicating the significant impact of monsoon on macrofaunal diversity and abundance at studied beaches. xviii In chapter II, benthic foraminifera in relation to habitat conditions and seasonal influences was studied for the first time from Pakistani coast, based on 48 core samples collected monthly with the help of hand corer (diameter =3 cm) from stations as discussed for Chapter I. For this study the top 0-2 cm sediment slice was analyzed for both living and dead foraminiferal assemblages. A total of 6615 cm-2 specimens consisting of 3451 cm-2 dead tests and 3164 cm-2 living specimens were recorded which belong to 66 species out of which 47% species are miliolina, 42% rotaliina, 9% textulariina and 2% are spirillina. At Sandspit 3197 cm-2 specimens were recoded while a sum of 3418 cm-2 specimen were recorded from Hawksbay. The highest abundance was exhibited by rotaliina, milolina and textulariina respectively. The most dominant rotaliina species were Ammonia beccari, Pararotalia stellata, P. vensuta, Elphidium crispum and E. advenum respectively and Quinqueloculina bicarinata, Q. vulgaris, Miliolinella subrotunda, Spiroloculina antillarum and Miliamina sp. were abundant miliolina species. SIMPER showed that average dissimilarity between foraminifera abundance at Sandspit and Hawksbay is 18.51 %. The stations within sites showed similarity (82.83 % at Sandspit and 84.65 % at Hawksbay). A. beccari and P. stellata are the most similar species within stations at both Sandspit and Hawksbay. The highest foraminifera abundance was recorded in NEMS (3232 cm-2) and SWMS (1984 cm-2) and the lowest during PRMS (398 cm-2). pH, salinity, organic content and nutrients appeared to effect the foraminiferal assemblages. Benthic community structure of exposed sandy beaches of Sandspit and Hawksbay do not affected by a single physicochemical and environmental factor but multiple factors are controlling spatial and temporal distribution of macrofaunal and foaraminferal assemblages at these beaches. The most significant and governing factor for benthic abundance and diversity at these beaches is the monsoon season. Faunal assemblages on each site point out a variability in domination of species during studied seasons. Northeast monsoon was the most biologically productive season which provided a suitable environment for growth of both macrobenthic communities and foraminiferal assemblages. This is the first comprehensive study about ecological status of these highly dynamic environments which will be helpful in management of these beaches in future.