ﷺ
جہانِ رنگ و بو سب عارضی ہے
نبیؐ کے عشق کا رنگ دائمی ہے
بیانِ وصفِ یکتائیِ گُل سے
چمن زارِ سخن میں دلکشی ہے
بہ فیضِ مدحِ ممدوحِ اِلٰہیؐ
خدا کی ہم نوائی مل گئی ہے
وہی شمس الضحیٰ ، بدرالدجیٰ ہیں
اُنہی کی چار سُو جلوہ گری ہے
کھلے گا غنچۂ شوقِ تمنّا
مری اُمید کی کونپل ہری ہے
کہیں گے ان شاء اللہ ایک دن ہم
’’مدینے تک رسائی مل گئی ہے‘‘
ملا جس ذات سے عرفانِؔ کامل
مرے ایمان کا حاصل وہی ہے
This study aims to discuss the relationship between competence and job satisfaction on the performance of private Madrasah Tsanawiyah teachers in the city of Surabaya. The research method used is the type of research used that is explanatory with a quantitative approach with a sample size of 244 of 628 teachers from 44 private Madrasah Tsanawiyah in the city of Surabaya). The results showed that teachers’ competence had an effect on teachers’ job satisfaction with a value of 0.184. Teachers’ competence affected teachers’performance with a value of 0.118. Teachers’ job satisfaction affected teachers’ performance with a value of 0.222. Teachers’ job satisfaction on teachers’ performance showed a high influence with a CR value of 2.772 (greater than 2.00) and a significance level (p-value) of 0.006 (less than 5%). It can be concluded that teachers’ competence affected teachers’ job satisfaction and teachers’ competence affected teachers’ performance. Teachers’ job satisfaction had a strong effect on teachers’ performance.
Hypodermosis is an ectoparasitic disease of cattle caused by Hypoderma bovis and H lineatum. It is an important health issue in animals leading to substantial economic loss. In live animals, the diagnosis can be made either by direct clinical inspection of infected animals by applying palpation method based on 2 nd and 3 rd stage larvae or by using immunological diagnostic tools. The early diagnosis of hypodermosis is a prerequisite of efficient disease management. Therefore, in the present study, ELISA was performed to diagnose the antibodies to H. lineatum in animal sera. Fifty positive cattle were selected for the collection of larvae L 1 (1st instars) and blood samples. The larvae L 1 (1st instars) were processed for antigen preparation and sera was used for the validation of ELISA. Composition of antigen was determined by using SDS-PAGE. Protein (HyC) was purified by dialysis method and by ion exchange chromatography. Both, crude and purified HyC antigen was used for the ELISA development. One thousand blood samples were taken from the fields. Sensitivity and specificity was calculated from the optical density (OD) of sera. Direct clinical inspection and serology of infested animals were used for monitoring hypodermosis in Northern Punjab (Pakistan). Two hundred cattle with prominent nodules appearing in December - January were selected for comparison between developed ELISA and direct palpation method. The seroepidemiological information was sought out in the prescribed questionnaire having relevant information to generate epidemiological profile. The data from one thousand animals belonging to different villages were recorded based on the epidemiological factors. Seroepidemiological factor like District, village, grazing pattern, sex, type, location, age, breed, previous exposure and herd were studied in the present study. Statistical analysis shows that grazing pattern, location, age, type, xxiiibreed, sex medication and previous exposure has a significant impact in the prevalence of bovine hypodermosis. Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to map the risks factors of hypodermosis in Northern Punjab. GIS risk mapping method was based on herd size, min, max, aver, temperature range, rainfall, relative air humidity and prevalence rate for prediction of the disease. Present study was also proposing the comprehensive information capable of being used for controlling hypodermosis. The geographical map of different districts and villages were developed showing the degree of infestation in different locations. Cluster analysis showed that different area had different zones for the prevalence of bovine hypodermosis. Statistical analysis shows that the temperature in the months of January, February, March, August and November while the precipitation in month of September and October has significant results, when all the risks factors were analyzed. These findings were used for accurate and early diagnosis of bovine hypodermosis, to scan distribution pattern of bovine hypodermosis in Northern Punjab, for the development of suitable control strategies to minimize bovine hypodermosis and to suggest effective control strategies to reduce economic losses. GIS model is also applied for mapping risk area in other agro-ecological regions of Pakistan and developed ELISA which could be used to diagnose bovine hypodermosis in other agro-ecological regions of Pakistan. Vaccination would be suggested by using Hypodermin A antigen to minimize warble fly infestation rate. GIS model can also be applied for mapping risk area and eradication of bovine hypodermosis in other agro-ecological regions of Pakistan.