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Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis of Contemporary South Asian and Native American Novels

Thesis Info

Author

Samina Azad

Department

Department of English

Program

PhD

Institute

National University of Modern Languages

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2016

Subject

English Language

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676728725351

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Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis of Contemporary South Asian and Native American Novels People of South Asia and Native America have somewhat similar destinies. Both sides are invaded, displaced and exploited by the intruders and the foreign occupiers. Therefore, the study examines contemporary South Asian and Native American novels in the light of Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis while highlighting the similarities and differences that exist on both sides in the condition of female characters and representation of gender in a comparative analysis. For this purpose different forms of oppression employed to oppress female characters, discursive production of power and dominance, reworking and contesting of the assumptions embedded in the hegemonic gender ideology by female characters and representation of gender are the vital concerns taken up in the study. Since Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis combines the perspective of Critical Discourse Analysis and Feminism, it facilitates the exploration of above mentioned subject matter. Complex and subtle issues of power, gender and ideology are scrutinized by the theory. Dialogism with its emphasis on utterances, context, polyphony, heteroglossia, temporal and spatial framework is employed as a method to investigate the novels. Despite geographical distance and difference, South Asians and Native Americans have certain analogous experiences. Female characters are seen subjected to various overt and covert forms of oppression in the South Asian and Native American novels but their sufferings diverge in their magnitude and size, intensity and level, degree and extent. Written and spoken, verbal and non-verbal dimensions of language are studied in the discourse. Discursive power and dominance is materialized in interactions. Domination and authority is asserted by controlling interactions, commencing and concluding them on one’s own initiative, not caring for the actions and reactions, words and thoughts of the other person involved. False generalizations and ideologies are means to enact power and dominance discursively. Manipulation through discourse leads to conditioning, acceptability and hegemony. The female characters breach the taboos, get involved in the processes of mental and spiritual development to rework and redefine their position. They challenge and rebel, discarding what is falsely established and associated with them. They aspire and then work to transpire their hopes, dreams and ambitions into reality. The female characters are very much visible in the novels, performing their traditional as well as nontraditional roles. Characters, both male and female, are portrayed on human level with all their offerings and failings.
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ہاں ہاں زرداری مجرم ہے

ہاں ہاں زرداری مجرم ہے ؟

                                                                                                پروفیسر ڈاکٹر محمد یوسف اعوان

بندوق والوں کا مجرم ؟                           فتوے والوں کا مجرم ؟

زرداری ان سب کا مجرم ہے جن کا بھٹو مجرم تھا ،بے نظیر مجرم تھی ،مرتضی مجرم تھا ،شاہنواز مجرم تھا ،سلمان تاثیر مجرم تھا ،شہباز بھٹی مجرم تھا ،بشیر بلور مجرم تھا،زرداری کو ہر طرح سے توڑا گیا ،گیارہ سال جیل میں رکھ کر ،بھیانک جھوٹے مقدمے بنا کر ،بدترین تشدد کا نشانہ بنا کر ،جیل سے نکال کر وزارت کا حلف اٹھوا کر ،بالآ خر ایوان صدر میں قید کر کے ۔

مگر وہ نہ ٹوٹا ،نہ جھکا نہ بکا بلکہ نا کام دشمن اس کی مسکراہٹ تک نہ توڑ سکے ۔اس پر طرح طرح کے مقدمے بنائے گئے ،مقدمے خود ساختہ ،قاضی اپنے مگر کچھ ثابت نہ کر سکے ،زرداری کی جوانی چھن گئی مگر سچ کا بول بالا ہوا وہ ڈٹا رہا مگر دشمن ہار ماننے والے کب تھے ۔انہوں نے پرکشش الزامات پر مبنی کہانیاں گھڑیں ،میڈیا پر بیٹھے افلاطونوں کو حکم دیا کہ دن رات ان کی کہانیوں کا ڈھنڈورا پیٹو ،اتنا جھوٹ بولو ،بار بار بولو ،لاکھوں بار بولو، جھوٹ کو سچ بنا دو ،بچے بچے کو یاد کروا دو کہ زرداری برا ہے زرداری چور ہے زرداری کرپٹ ہے ۔

مگر وہ نہیں جانتے تھے کہ زرداری کا مقدمہ تاریخ کی عدالت میں ہے ۔تاریخ کی عدالت کسی کی خواہشات کی غلام نہیں ہے ۔تاریخ کی عدالت ثبوت مانگتی ہے ۔تاریخ کی عدالت سچ کو اجاگر کر کے چھوڑتی ہے ۔تاریخ کی عدالت وقت کے فرعون کی طرف سے جھوٹے الزامات کو اٹھا کر باہر پھینک دیتی ہے تاریخ کی عدالت ہر ایک مجرم اور ہر ایک ملزم کو کٹہرے...

زیب و زینت میں لباس کی شرعی حیثیت

Fashionable dressing is a very sensitive issue for females, it creates sometimes confusion that what are the limits and orders of “Shariah” for it. So I try to inform all females a proper dress code in the light of Islamic “Shariah”. Islam is not against the fashion but it says that it should be only for “Mahrams” and it should not be out of limits. So the article deals to clarify needs and importance of dress, dress codes in Islam as well as the usage of different type of dressings like thin, fitted, expensive and costly, male dresses, uneven (not according to Islam) etc. It will clarify the confusion which makes us confused in fashionable dressing and how much it is allowed to keep them in use. Islam has provided guidance in dressing like in any other fields of life as well as fashion is allowed by Allah as blessing but according to the rules and regulation of Islamic “Shariah” and do not try to go against it. That is why we have to be aware and careful while fashioning.

پاکستانی اردوافسانےمیں خواتین کے مسائل

More than half of world's population consists of women. The women is forced to live life according the social norms, attitudes moral, ethical values, and laws of the land. In a male dominated society the status of women is not decided in a fair and just manner. The rights of women are exploited due to which many problems have emerge in the society Generally in Urdu literature and especially in Urdu short stories such issue are presented nicely It was not possible for the writers of short stories to stay away from the realities of women’s life. Hence the writers of short stories tried to give a reflection of these problems of the women of their era. The research work done for present dissertation also focuses on such issues. In this study social economic and psychological problems of women have been probed. The circumstances which give rise to these problems have also been studied. The manuscript has been divided in to six chapters. First Chapter emphasis the problems of women in a historical perspective. Second Chapter covers the period of short stories written prior to the creation of Pakistan. The Third chapter problems faced by women in 1st period of Pakistan as presented in short stories by various writers have been analysed. In the fourth, chapter too, the short stories of various writers who have tried to raise issues faced by women have been discussed. In the fifth chapter, modern period and its demands new problems of woman of modern era along with a blend of old problems have been analysed.