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English Literacy Learned Through The Sign Language by The Hearing Impaired in Pakistan

Thesis Info

Author

Arifa Shaheen Minhas

Department

Department of English

Program

Mphil

Institute

National University of Modern Languages

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2015

Subject

English Language

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676728727543

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English Literacy Learned Through The Sign Language by The Hearing Impaired in Pakistan Every community around the globe is comprised of a considerable number of hearing impaired people. In order to make their life meaningful and productive, they have the right to acquire several skills as well as education. In the context of education whether for deaf or the other people of community, learning of the English language has become indispensible skill. The present study was aimed to carry out a research on teaching techniques and instructional approaches involved in the learning of English literacy skills by deaf in Pakistan. The outcome of the teaching practices was mirrored in the performance of students evaluated using various research instruments. Theoretical framework was emergent literacy theory: a most widely practiced in the West at present showing considerable improvement in English literacy skills of the hearing impaired. For the purpose of thisstudy four renowned institutes were chosen: Sir Syed Academy Rawalpindi, National Special Education Centre for Hearing Impaired Children, H- 9 Islamabad, Nasheman College for Handicapped, Wah Cantt, and DEWA Centre of Excellence (The Deaf Education and Welfare Association Trust) Islamabad. The level of the students was intermediate. The research tools included observation sheets, Reading and Writing test for students, and a questionnaire for the teachers and were based on the principles, instructional approach and teaching strategies of emergent literacy theory. The data collected through observation sheets and questionnaire there further validated having interactive session with the teachers and the students at four institutes. The data collected, results of students, and responses of teachers to questionnaire were analyzed in the light of emergent literacy theory that is the spring board of the present research. Syllabuses of the institutes were collected and attached too. The results and the data were presented in simple tabular form for easy reference. After taking the average percentages of teachers’ responses to questionnaire the data was shown in graphs. The time spent at each institute was 25 days. The major finding of the study after the analysis was that there was a marked difference in the teaching techniques, instructional approach and performance of students in the test at DEWA Centre and other three institutes. Students of DEWA Centre scored better than the other institutes giving credence to the emergent literacy theory. Therefore a detailed comparison was made at the end of chapter four to highlight the differences. Eventually it was found that DEWA Centre has partially applied the theory of emergent literacy. With reference to such findings recommendations were given in the last chapter finally.
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پنڈت جواہر لال نہرو

آہ! لعلِ شب چراغِ ہند
[پنڈت جواہر لال نہرو]
افسوس ہے آخر وہی ہواجس کاچند مہینوں سے کھٹکا لگاہوا تھا،یعنی ۲۷؍ مئی کو ہمارے ملک کے محبوب وزیر اعظم پنڈت جواہر لال نہرو ۷۴ بر س کی عمر میں اِس دنیا سے رخصت ہوگئے اور پورے ملک کوماتم کدہ بناگئے۔ دنیا میں عام طور پربڑے آدمی دوقسم کے ہوتے ہیں، ایک وہ جو دماغ اورذہن کے اعلیٰ کمالات و اوصاف کے حامل ہوں اور دوسرے وہ جو قلب ونظر کے پاک اوراُن کی خوبیوں اور اچھائیوں کے جامع ہوں، ایسے لوگ بہت کم ہوتے ہیں جواِن دونوں قسم کے کمالات سے سرفراز ہوں۔ پنڈت جی کسی تیسری قسم کے بڑے لوگوں میں سے تھے، اُن کی زندگی سب لوگوں اورخصوصاً نوجوانوں کے لیے سرتاپا درس عبرت تھی۔ وہ ایسے گھرانہ میں پیدا ہوئے جہاں خدا کادیا کیا کچھ نہیں تھا،بالکل عنفوانِ شباب میں جب وہ انگلینڈ سے اپنی اعلیٰ تعلیم ختم کرکے وطن واپس آئے توحسن و شباب ،اعلیٰ تعلیم،بے پناہ دولت وثروت ،اعلیٰ خاندان اور وجاہت غرض کہ مادی اسبابِ عیش وتنعم میں سے ایسی کون سی چیز تھی جواُن کے پاس بافراط موجود نہ ہو، اوراس لیے زمانہ کے عام مذاق کے مطابق ان کے لیے بہت آسان تھا کہ ’’بابر بعیش کوش کہ عالم دوبارہ نیست‘‘ کے فلسفہ پرعمل پیراہوتے اور اپنی زندگی کوخیّام کی خیالی جنت کے مادی پیکر میں گزار دیتے ۔لیکن ۱۹۱۶ء میں جب پہلی مرتبہ ان کی ملاقات مہاتما گاندھی سے ہوئی تو اس پیرِدانا کی پہلی نگاہ نے اِس نوجوان کی آرزؤوں اورتمناؤوں کی دنیا میں ایک انقلابِ عظیم پیداکردیا اوراس نوجوان نے اُسی وقت پھولوں کی سیج اور شبستانِ عیش کے بجائے اپنے لیے خار زار آلام و مصائب اور قید ومحن کی راہ کاانتخاب کرلیا،اوراپنا سب کچھ اس کے لیے قربان کردیا۔اُس زمانہ میں پنڈت جی یاکسی...

EFFECTIVENESS OF COMMUNITY SCHOOL NETWORKING FOR CHILDREN WITH AUTISM: PERSPECTIVES OF TEACHERS AND SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS

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