اظہارِ تشکر
حمد و ثنا ہے اُس خالقِ لم یزل ولا یزال کے لیے جو لائقِ تسبیح و تمجید ہے۔جس نے اپنی قدرتِ کاملہ سے ذرے کو آفتاب،قطرے کو قلزم اور عظیم آسمان کے شامیانے کو بغیر کسی سہارے کے نصب فرمایا۔جس کا کمال اس کی معرفت ہے اور جس کا شاہ کار "لولاکِ لما خلقت الافلاک" کا مصداق ہے۔لاتعداد درود و سلام اُس ہادی برحق معلمِ قدس ،سید الانبیاء حضرت محمد مصطفیٰ صلی اللہُ علیہ وآلہ ٖ وسلم کی ذاتِ مقدسہ و مطہرہ پر۔اور لاکھوں درود و سلام صاحبانِ کساء ،اہلبیتِ اطہار ؑ اور اصحابِ باوفا رضوان اللہ علیھم اجمعین کی ذواتِ پاکیزہ پر۔
یہ مقالہ میری زندگی کی اولین تحقیقی کاوش اور میری زندگی کے خوابوں کی ادنی سی تعبیر ہے۔جس کے لیے میں نے ان تھک محنت کی۔ الحمد للہ میری اس کاوش کو خدائے بزرگ و برتر نے تکمیل تک پہنچانے میں میری مدد فرمائی۔
میں شکر گزار ہوں اپنے عظیم والدین کا جن کی بے پناہ محبتوں اور شفقتوں کے سبب میں ا س قابل بنا۔ جنہوں نے زندگی میں ہر گاہ رہنمائی فرمائی اور اپنی دعاؤں کے سائے میں پروان چڑھایا۔میرے والدِ بزرگ وارسید محمد حسین شاہ صاحب کو تعلیم سے بے پناہ محبت ہے۔اُن کی زندگی کی یہ خواہش رہی ہے کہ ہمیں بہترین انداز میں زیورِ تعلیم سے آراستہ فرمائیں۔آج میں فخر محسوس کر رہا ہوں کہ ان کے خواب کو تکمیل تک پہنچانے میں خدا نے میری مدد فرمائی۔خدا میرے والدین کو سلامت رکھے اور ان کی محبتوں کا ابر ِ رحمت ہمیشہ برستا رہے۔
میں اپنے محسن و مشفق استاد نگرانِ مقالہ پروفیسر ڈاکٹر سید اشفاق حسین بخاری کا شکر گزار ہوں جن کے علمی سایہ عاطفت میں یہ تحقیق مکمل کی ۔اچھی...
Mirza Husayn Ali Nuri (1817-1892) was one of the early followers of the Bab, and later took the title of Bahaullah’s mission was about to bring unity of all the mankind. He invited the world’s religion followers to peaceful coexistence with amity and harmony. He claimed that he was unique, in giving the idea of ‘ Most Great Peace’ through ‘Religious unity’ and a ‘Global civilization’ as a chosen ‘Manifestation of God’. He claimed to be a messenger from God referring to the fulfillment of the eschatological expectations of Islam, Christianity, and other major religions. He wrote many religious works, most notably the Kitab i Aqdas, the Kitab i Iqan and Hidden Words. In the History of Sub-continent, Great Mughal emperor Jallal ud Din Mohammad Akbar (1542-1605) is also known for the great task of ‘Religious unity’. Disillusioned with orthodox Islam and perhaps hoping to bring about religious unity within his empire, Akbar promulgated Din i Ilahi, a syncretic creed derived from Islam, Hinduism, Zoroastrianism, and Christianity. Majority of muslims condemned him to deform the real shape of true Islam. Akbar was deeply interested in religious and philosophical matters. In 1575, he built a hall called the Ibadat Khana ("House of Worship") at Fatehpur Sikri, to which he invited theologians, mystics and selected courtiers renowned for their intellectual achievements and discussed matters of spirituality with them. The policy of sulh-e-kul, which formed the essence of D┘n-e-Elāhi, was adopted by Akbar not merely for religious purposes, but as a part of general imperial administrative policy. With the passage of time D┘n-e-Elāhi lost its attraction and became a dead religion. It is interesting to make a comparison between the two.
Using theories from personality psychology and the theory of planned behavior, this study investigated those personality variables and psychological mechanisms through which individual investor intends to make investment decisions. The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between big five personality traits (Extroversion, Neuroticism, Conscientiousness, Openness to Experience and Agreeableness) and Investment decisions (Short term and long term). This study also examined the moderating effects of need for cognition, individual mood and mediating effects of financial self efficacy between the study variables. Data was collected from 506 individual investors by using a questionnaire. Investors were selected from Pakistan Stock Exchange. Mediation analysis was performed using Hayes (2013) PROCESS macro in SPSS. Results of the study supported a positive relationship between openness to experience, extraversion and short term investment decision. Similarly a positive relationship existed between neuroticism, conscientiousness and long term investment decisions. The results from bootstrapping supported the mediation hypothesis and financial self-efficacy mediated the relationship between agreeableness, openness to experience and short term investment decision. Further the results also supported the mediating effect of financial self-efficacy between neuroticism, conscientiousness and long term investment decision. To test the moderation hypotheses step-wise regression analysis techniques were used. The results confirmed the moderating effect of need for cognition for extrovert & neurotic investors on financial-self efficacy. The result of the study also supported the modrating role of mood on short term investment decisions. In conclusion this study has made an integrated attempt to examine the combined effect of personality, cognition and mood on an individual’s short and long term investment decisions. Drawing on the findings we discussed some implications for the policy makers including investment marketers, investment advisors and offered an advice to investors in addition to discussing some limitations and future directions