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Home > Implication of Cultural Psychology on Individual Behavioral Patterns: Khaled Hosseinis's Art of Characterization

Implication of Cultural Psychology on Individual Behavioral Patterns: Khaled Hosseinis's Art of Characterization

Thesis Info

Author

Rubab Raza

Department

Department of English

Program

Mphil

Institute

National University of Modern Languages

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2016

Subject

English Language

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676728735487

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Implication of Cultural Psychology on Individual Behavioral Patterns: Khaled Hosseinis's Art of Characterization This thesis offers its readers a detailed analysis of Khaled Hosseini’s later work from the perspective of Cultural Psychology. Its underline purpose is to explore the psychological and behavioral mechanisms of the characters in the fictional world of Hosseini keeping in mind the socio-cultural strands of their indigenous environment. This research also strongly challenges the post-modern notion of a single “universal culture” and negates the attempts of the developed countries to suppress the individuality of the weaker nations in the name of cultural uniformity. In this way this is a step forward to voice cultural identity of the much suppressed and devastated Afghan nation. Being an honest voice of his native land and a faithful representative of the emotionally and physically shattered people of Afghanistan Hosseini’s later writings including A Thousand Splendid Suns (2007) and And the Mountains Echoed (2013) depict both the rich customs and traditions of his mother-land as well as the atrocities and injustice committed by the narrow- minded male part of the society in the name of religion and family honor. Hence the work chosen for this particular research are a perfect blend of endurance and sufferings of the local Afghan population. A Qualitative research procedure has been opted to examine Hosseini’s art of characterization through the actions and dialogues of his characters. This can also be taken as a Case Study of Hosseini’s work focusing upon the symbolism, imagery and the language used in the selected novels. It explores the depiction of Afghan society and the supremacy of the native socio-cultural standards as the controlling factor in the lives of their practitioners. Hence it asserts that the psychological and behavioral patterns of an individual are not related to one’s genetic make-up or biological inheritance rather it is an immediate native culture that shapes one’s acting and thinking patterns. Therefore for the cultural evolution or the social development of the masses the psychological and behavioral mechanisms of the individuals as well as the norms and traditions of a particular culture have to work in collaboration and only then any nation can fulfill her dream of rapid growth and expansion.
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حروفِ استفامیہ پر مشتمل آیاتِ قرآنی کے اسرار و حکم

حروفِ استفامیہ پر مشتمل آیاتِ قرآنی کے اسرار و حکم

قرآن ِ مجید کثیر آیات میں جملہ استفہامیہ میں اللہ نے خطاب فرمایا جن میں سے کچھ آیات کی امثال پیش کی جاتی ہیں:

The veil in the west countries between the religious freedons and secular codes

يأتي حجاب المرأة المسلمة في صدارة النقاشات السياسية على اعتباره مصدر تهديد حقيقي لعلمانية الغرب وعقلانيته، فأصبح الحجاب هاجسًا مقلقًا للغرب خاصة بعد أحداث 11 سبتمبر 2001 الدامية والتي أدت إلى تزايد العداء ضد الإسلام والمسلمين ولعل أبرز مظاهره حجاب المرأة المسلمة الذي تعرض لحملات تشويه كبيرة وتمثل الوجه الآخر للإرهاب بل هي صانعه. وعليه، تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى إبراز الحملة التي تتعرض لها المرأة المسلمة في أوروبا وتحديدا فرنسا وهذا من خلال قراءة وتحليل قانون حظر الرموز الدينية الذي استهدف الحجاب بالدرجة الأولى. ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة فقد استخدمت الباحثتان المنهج الوصفي التحليلي من خلال استعراض مختلف الرواسب التاريخية المتحكمة في الظاهرة محل الدراسة، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج أهمها: يمثل قانون حظر الحجاب في الدول الغربية ممارسة عنصرية ضد الإسلام والمسلمين، ويمثل موقف الدول الغربية من حجاب المرأة المسلمة تكريسا لخطاب الكراهية المعادية للإسلام والمسلمين والحرص على قيادة العالم والهيمنة عليه سياسيا وثقافيا وحضاريا

Seasonal Variations in Some Physiological Responses of Maize Zea Mays L. under Glasshouse Conditions

In view of the changing climatic conditions mainly related to greenhouse effect, this study was focused on determining the responses of two differentially heat tolerant maize varieties to glasshouse condition. The parameters studies included growth, water relations, gas exchange, photosynthetic pigments, oxidative damage and gene expression. Results revealed that prevailing glasshouse conditions played a crucial role in affecting the maize growth across winter and summer seasons. Despite differences in the growing seasons and varieties glasshouse conditions were adverse for the photosynthetic systems in maize. Major yardsticks of sensitivity were loss of chlorophyll and carotenoids in the light reactions, while reductions in the net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance in the glasshouse grown maize. Prevailing glasshouse conditions were greatly effective in hampering the leaf water relation particularly those of winter sown crop. The glasshouse conditions in winter crop produced oxidative stress on the plants, which was explicit from the increased synthesis of H 2 O 2 , MDA and increased permeability to the ion leakage. Greater free proline accumulation in the tolerant variety not only presented itself as a major amino acid accumulated in environmental stress tolerance but also indicated it as a reliable indicator of tolerance to glasshouse condition in maize. With great varietal difference, changes of temperature and relative humidity inside the glasshouse across the seasons were mainly responsible for the observed changes in mineral nutrients. More distinct changes were evident in K, Ca and nitrate nutrition, which were given greater credence in view of their closer association to the seasonal changes in the environmental conditions inside the glasshouse. Maize seedlings showed sensitivity to high temperature stress, which was recorded from morphological (reduction in shoot fresh weight, dry weight of shoot and root and a reduction in fresh-to-dry weight ratio) and gene expression patterns. The molecular studies suggested that the maize sensitivity to high temperature was mainly due to enhanced coexpression of sag and dhn2 and failure to express hsp70 and sgr2 during relatively long term exposure to high temperature.