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Home > Exploring issue of Ecological Affordance in an English Class with Special Relevance to Localized English Discursive Practices

Exploring issue of Ecological Affordance in an English Class with Special Relevance to Localized English Discursive Practices

Thesis Info

Author

Irum Butt

Department

Department of English

Program

Mphil

Institute

National University of Modern Languages

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2016

Subject

English Language

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676728737087

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Exploring issue of Ecological Affordance in an English Class with Special Relevance to Localized English Discursive Practices The present study aims to determine the significance of localized English discursive practices with respect to all the basic language skills in an ESL class of elementary students at the Boys Campus, OPF Girls College, where the researcher has been a teacher for the past nine years. The researcher used Action Research for a period of nine months i.e. three terms. Therefore, 60 students were her research participants. This Action Research was based on mixed methods approach underpinned by the theoretical framework of Johnson's (2004) localized language learning theory. The research tools used were of both qualitative and quantitative nature. Among the qualitative techniques, the researcher used text analysis, stimulated recall pictures, stimulated recall interview, speaking test and target learners' creative work along with some quantitative techniques as a localized board game, the target learners' written tests as well as their filled-in questionnaire. The research objectives were first to determine the target learners' social world, second to measure their receptive skills with respect to foreign and local contexts and third to evaluate their productive skills in a localized context. Likewise, one of the research questions was how to localize an ESL class; the other two aimed at finding such text, language skill or activity that could have a stronger impact on the target learners. Data analysis was carried out using Johnson's (2004) dialogical model of SLA which states that language learning is a localized phenomenon. As for the contribution of this research, this study highlights the place of Localized Language Teaching (LLT) approach promoting Pakistani cultural and social values in ESL classrooms of Pakistani schools. It is concluded that localized English teaching methodology can have the stronger impact on ELLs' language learning abilities than a traditional one due to ecological affordances provided by ELLs' prior knowledge, their socio-cultural background and their central position in an English class.
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کلی فقیر دی

کلی فقیر دی

فقیر دی کلی وچ آ کڑیے
تے ستڑے نصیب جگا کڑیے
کلی والے رستے نوں بھل نہیوں جاونا
بیلیاں تے جھنگیاں چ رل نہہیوں جاونا
شوق دا چراغ لَے کے سدھے جُل آونا
کلی والے سائیں نوں توں رہبر بنا کڑیے
کلی ول آونا توں چھپ کے چھپا کے
دنیاں دیاں نظراں توں بچ کے بچا کے
ویکھ لئیں ہر پاسے لمبی نگاہ پا کے
رستے وچ مکھ توں ناں چادر ہٹا کڑیے
کلی واے رستے تے ملے تینوں روشنی
کلی وچ آ ہُن گل نہ کوئی سوچ نی
لکھیا نصیب جیویں دیویں نہ توں دوش نی
کلی وچ ہک واری آ آزماء کڑیے
کلی ول سدھا ویکھیں دیوا ہوسی بلدا
جھنڈا مولیٰ علی والا کلی اُتے ہلدا
لگے اوتھے ڈر نہ تینوں کسے گل دا
کلی والے سائیں دی توں بردی کہلا کڑیے
کلی والے راہ اوتے بلدے چراغ نیں
کلی وچ آ کے توں ہونا باغ و باغ نیں
اوتھے آکے دھل جانے سارے تیرے داغ نیں
توبہ والی کلی وچ سر نوں جھکاء کڑیے
کلی والے رستے تے خطرے وی ڈھیر نیں
سپ شنہہ نالے رہندے ببر شیر نیں
مولا علی دا صدقہ ہون سارے زیر نیں
توں دل وچوں خوف نوں بھگاء کڑیے
کلی والی رات دے کئی وکھرے نظارے نیں
بھل ڈل جان غم جتنے وی سارے نیں
چن نال خوش رہندے جیویں ایہہ ستارے نیں
کلی والا لگا تیرے دل نوں ایہہ چاء کڑیے
کلی ول آوناں توں دنیا توں چوری اے
دروازہ نہیں او لنگنا تے لنگ آناں موری اے
جئے کوئی تینوں ویکھ لوے ناں دکھائیں کمزوری اے
راہ وچ کسے دا نہ دل توں دُکھا کڑیے
کلی والے...

الرواية التاريخية عند الدكتور نجيب الكيلاني

Dr. Najeeb Al-Kailani is considered one of the most famous writers who enrithed the library of Islamic Literature. He has written around forty novels, seven collections of short stories, three dramas, and fives Diwans, apart from the many critical studies in the field of Islamic Literature. It is not possible to ignore the status of AI-Kailani and his eminence in the field which he has tackled. The novels which he has produced revolve round several points: >_ In his early novels he presented different aspects of the real life in Egypt. His work also include the novels which picturize the problems of the Muslims outside the Arab World, like Central Asian States, China, Ethiopia, Indonesia, and Nigeria. They also deal with the contemporary issues related to Muslims like the reformation of the society, bringing out the disturbances with all its shapes and its remedy by inviting the people with good means and Islamic values. X. r. i. They deal with Islamic History and Seerah of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) and his guided Caliphs

Genetic Studies on Stuttering Families

Stuttering is a speech disorder characterized by involuntary disruptions of verbal expression. It occurs in about 5 % of pre-school children, where it frequently resolves spontaneously. However, stuttering persists in some individuals and thus about 1 % of the general population remains affected. Although the causes of this disorder remain very poorly understood, there is good evidence for genetic contributions to stuttering. To help elucidate the genetics of stuttering at a molecular level, we studied large families from the African and Pakistani populations in which this disorder occurs. We enrolled 3 large families from the Republic of Cameroon and 6 consanguineous families from Pakistan, all containing multiple members who stutter. Family members were diagnosed using the Stuttering Severity Instrument - 3. We performed a genome wide linkage scan using the Weber 10 microsatellite marker panel on three African families. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping using the Illumina 6K Chip was also done in the African families, as well as in the five newly ascertained Pakistani families. The program Pedcheck was used to test for proper inheritance within families. One African family was excluded from further analysis due to multiple inheritance inconsistencies. Here we report linkage results from one African family, designated CAMST01 and 5 Pakistani families. No significant linkage was found in family CAMST01 in the initial parametric linkage analysis. Additional non-parametric analysis was performed using the program MERLIN, however CAMST01 was broken into smaller sub-families for analysis to overcome the computational constraints of this program. When this was done, several SNPs on chromosome 15q displayed 2-point LOD scores of more than 3. In this analysis, no LOD scores exceeding 3 were observed at any other loci across the genome. In subsequent multipoint analyses on chromosome 15q, a LOD score exceeding 6 was obtained at this locus. Support for these initial linkage findings was obtained by typing microsatellite markers in this region, which also showed a significant two-point LOD score over 3. In addition, suggestive LOD scores of 2.5 were observed on chromosomes 12 and 6 when SNP linkage analysis was performed on each sub- pedigree alone and in pairs of sub-pedigrees. The region on chromosome 15 that contains markers showing significant LOD scores extends from 15q15.1 to 15q21.3, and is flanked by SNP markers rs1009913 (at map position 42.69 cM) and rs690054 (at map position 51.72 cM). Five consanguineous Pakistani stuttering families (designated PKST families) were also genotyped for 6090 SNPs on the Illumina plateform. Significant linkage, with a LOD score of 3.25 under an autosomal recessive model of inheritance, was observed on chromosome 3q13.13- 3q21.2 in family, PKST77. Analyses under dominant and additive models of inheritance produced no significant evidence for linkage in this family. Further genotyping of microsatellite markers and additional SNPs in this region defined a linkage interval spanning 14.2 Mb. Within this linkage interval, the exons of the candidate gene DRD3 (Dopamine Receptor D3) were sequenced in affected and unaffected individuals, however no novel variation was observed. Our results demonstrate that, in addition to the previously reported linkage to stuttering on chromosome 12 {Riaz, 2005 #96}, additional stuttering genes reside on chromosome 15 and on chromosome 3. Our results also formally prove the existence of genetic heterogeneity in the origins of this disorder.