The strategic importance of Syria in the Middle East is mainly due to its location. Syria has been a kind of resistance
front of the Arabs against Israel and the significance of the Syrian question needs to be discovered in Syria's
indispensible role in the regional geostrategic pattern. When Arab Spring brought political changes in Tunisia, Libya
and Egypt, Syria was never thought to be immune to the tinge of those changes. The mass demonstrations in Syria,
driven by the desire of change, in late 2010, turned to violent protests, leaving destruction, disorder and chaos
behind them. The crisis in Syria is still continuing ferociously with abysmal repercussions for the Middle East. Today,
Syrian crisis has different dimensions which are ranging from involvement of different regional and trans-regional
states to various armed, religio-political and jihadists groups, turning the crisis to a serious regional conflagration.
The Assad regime is struggling for its survival against the rebels, who are struggling for regime change in Syria. The
involvement of the pro and anti-regime regional states and pro and anti-regime trans-regional states is the
significant point, driving the crisis on grave sectarian, ethnic and social lines. In fact, it would be safer to say that
Syrian crisis has created deep political divisions not in only amongst the world community but also on regional
political horizons. Syrian crisis has created far reaching social, political, strategic and economic implications in Syria
and the entire Middle East. The crisis is not only claiming priceless lives of people, crippling many for life, rendering
numerous homeless but also altering the traditional security dynamics, strategic calculations and above all regional
order of the Middle East.
To sum up, Syrian crisis has become one of the gravest flash points in the Middle East, turning the social and political
fabric of the society there. It has given birth to a regional order in Middle East where Iran is emerging as the most
powerful regional reality, shaping the future political contours of the region on its own version of interests.
ماہرؔ القادری جناب ماہر القادری کی وفات کی خبر سے بہت ہی دل گیر اور دل فگار ہوکر جب یہ تحریر لکھنے بیٹھا ہوں تو کراچی کی ساری علمی و ادبی مجلسیں یاد آرہی ہیں۔ کراچی بارہا جانے کا اتفاق ہوا، وہاں کی ممتاز شخصیتوں کی یادوں کی قندلیں روشن کرتا رہتا ہوں، ان میں بہت سے اﷲ کو پیارے بھی ہوگئے، اختر جونا گڑھی مرحوم یاد آتے ہیں، ان کی کتاب ’’طبقات الامم‘‘ دارالمصنفین سے شائع ہوئی تھی، معارف میں مولانا شبلیؒ پر اچھے مضامین لکھے، وہ بزرگ محترم مولانا سید ابوظفر ندوی مرحوم کے ساتھ جونا گڑھ سے شہاب رسالہ بھی نکالا کرتے تھے، دارالمصنفین کے بڑے قدردان رہے، وہ جس محبت سے کراچی میں ملے اس کی یاد برابر باقی رہے گی، ان ہی کے یہاں کھانے پر حفیظ ہوشیار پوری مرحوم سے ملا تھا، ان کے پرکیف نغمہ شعری سے بھی محظوظ ہوا تھا، ان کی محبت بھری باتوں میں بڑی کیفیت تھی، ممتاز حسن مرحوم (ریٹائرڈ سکریٹری محکمہ فنانس حکومت پاکستان) یاد آتے ہیں تو ان کی علم نوازی، کرم گستری اور دوست پروری کے معطر اور نکہت بیز پھولوں کے بار سے دبتا چلا جاتا ہوں، ایک رات جناب جمیل عالی کے دستر خوان پر میں جناب ممتاز حسن مرحوم، ابن انشاء مرحوم اور یادش بخیر پیر حسام الدین راشدی کے ساتھ شریک ہوا، رات کو ایک بجے تک علمی و ادبی باتیں ہوتی ہیں، وہ رات بھی کیسی حسین اور بہار آفریں تھی، ممتاز حسن مرحوم ایک تناور سایہ دار علمی برگد تھے، اسی کے چھاؤں کے نیچے کراچی کے ارباب علم جمع ہوتے اور ان کے سایہ عاطفت میں اپنے علمی و ادبی ذوق کو پھلتے پھولتے محسوس کرتے، جناب ابن انشاء مجلسوں میں ملتے اور خاموش بنے رہتے، مگر اخبار کے کالم میں شب برات کی پھلجڑی اور...
The dictionaries have played a vital role in understating and preserving any language. Arabic is a Semitic language; it has a large, deep and rich history. The Arabs have always tried to keep the Arabic language safe, but all these efforts were verbal, they did not have a tradition of writing in pre Islamic era. After the Islam they focused on writing and began the writing activities such as: exegesis of Quranic verses, Hadith and explanation of some difficult words used in Quranic verses. In the 2nd century, the first initial stage of Arabic dictionary writing began with the efforts of Al-Khalil, who is considered as a founder of Arabic dictionary writing. After that, language scholars created a great work in promotion of Arabic dictionary. Of these scholars Ibn Manzoor who sacrificed his life for the preserving Arabic language through his writing and research. And his valuable and great benefit book (Lisan-al-Arab) which is considered one of the most important source on said subject. In this Paper, we have presented an introductory and detailed study of his said book, So that Urdu readers can benefit from this scholarly investment.
The study aims to examine the role of personal and social determinants in order to predict psychological well-being: moderating role of resilience among flood victims. For this purpose a sample of 400 individuals (male, n = 200, female, n =200) who experienced flashy flood were selected through purposive sampling technique from the Province of the Punjab-Pakistan. The study was based on cross sectional survey design. For data collection five scales including Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Meaning in Life Questionnaire, Religiosity Scale, Ego Resiliency Scale and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale were utilized to examine the direct and indirect impact of social support, religiosity, and meaning in life on psychological well-being: moderating role of resilience among study population. Pearson correlation, Multiple Regression analysis and independent sample t-test were applied to test the hypotheses. Findings of the study revealed that social support, religiosity, and meaning in life significantly predicted psychological well-being: moderating role of resilience among the flood victims (p<.01). The study also confirmed the moderating role of resilience between the relationship of meaning in life, religiosity and social support with psychological well-being (p<.01) among flood victims. Gender differences revealed that female participants were significantly higher on social support, psychological well-being, (p<.01), meaning in life and religiosity (p<.05), whereas male participants were significantly higher on resilience (p<.05). The study explored the role of meaning in life, religiosity and social support in resilience and psychological well-being. The present nature of the study is very important to manage the problems of flood victims in the disaster areas of Pakistan and other developing of the countries as well. It will provide guideline to the policy makers, researchers, health practitioners and forthcoming students and may become the part of library. The similar nature of researchers should be conducted at large level to give recommendations to resolve the psychological stress by counseling of the flood victims through clinical settings practically. This psychological and social support will enhance the resilience and well-being among the flood victims.