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درس گاہ صفہ کا نظام تعلیم و تربیت

Thesis Info

Author

Tafseer Abbas

Department

Department of Islamic Studies

Program

Mphil

Institute

National University of Modern Languages

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2016

Subject

Islamic Studies

Language

Urdu

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676728749849

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A Historical Study of educational and training system designed by Prophet Muhammad [SAW] at Al-Suffah [The first residential seminary of Islam] relates to the analysis of factors that have lead and still contain the ingredients for building a strong system of education as it has been considered the core value of human life. Religion and education are interrelated. The preaching of religion depends upon the education and training. Our Holy Prophet [SAW] was an ideal educationist not only of his times but for the future generations as well. The Thesis deals with the main five chapters: First Chapter: It contains complete definition of education and training, different views about it, importance of education in the light of prophetic model and itsvisible aspects. Educational and Training policy and its objectives in the times of Prophet Muhammad [SAW]. Second Chapter: It explains the meaning of word "Suffah" in detail, construction of Masjid-e-Nabawi and establishment of Suffah. Available facilities and educational characteristics of Suffah have also been explained along with the names and total strength of Ashab-e-Suffah along with their cardinal virtues, financial status, get up and living style. Third Chapter: It comprises of detailed picture of Curriculum of Suffah University showing Compulsory and Elective courses. The time-table, rules and regulations implemented there along with special advices from the Prophet Muhammad [SAW]. A wide range of Extra-Curricular activities covering different games, educational travels and -war strategies. It also introduces the teachers, teaching Assistants and Class Representatives. Class room environment, teacher-student relationship and a vast variety of teaching techniques used by the Prophet Muhammad [SAW] is the core topic of this chapter. In other words this is a detailed sketch of prospectus of Suffah University. Fourth Chapter: As Prophet Muhammed [SAW] presented new aims and methods of education. He transformed behavior of thousands of people specially the students at Suffah within few years through educating them. It demonstrates the educational and practical services rendered by .the students of Suffah University in the field of Quran- e-Kareem, Hadees-e-Mubarikah, Fiqh, Jurisprudence, compilation of Hadees books, establishment of Islamic educational Institutions in different Islamic states, Services in the Holy wars and offering their lives for Allah [SWT]. Along with this it also explains other multiple services rendered by students of Suffah in various fields for the cause of Islam. Fifth Chapter: It describes the journey of Islamic EducationalSystem from SuffahSeminary up topresent era. Practical approach towards the education and training system of present era is stated.It includes unique tipsextracted from the Prophetic educational and training systemfocusing on rights and responsibilities of Management, Principal, Teachers and Students. At the end step-wise Model of Ideal educational system is stated.
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سلطان کھاروی تے باراںماہ

سلطان کھاروی تے باراں ماہ

رتاں کسے وی علاقے دی رہتل اتے ڈونگھا اثر پوندیاں نیں۔ حیاتی دے پھیر نال رتاں دا پھیر اے۔ بال پن وچ رتاں دا رنگ ہور ہوندا اے تے جوانی وچ رت ہور طراں مانی جاندی اے۔ جد کہ بڈھے وارے ایہو رتاں لنگھ گئیاں رتاں دا ہوکا بن کے جاندیاں نیں۔ غلام یعقوب انورایس صنف بارے لکھدے نیں۔

’’اجیہی نظم جیہدے وچ سال دیاں باراں مہینیاں نوں چت رکھ کے شعر کہے جاون‘‘(۱)

عبدالغفور قریشی لکھدے نیں :

’’ہندی شاعری دا پرانا روپ اے۔ ہندی دے شاعر اک سال نوں چھ رتاں وچ ونڈدے نیں۔ ایہناں رتاں وچ برہا دی ماری روح دا بیان ہوندا اے۔ جیہڑے اک رت توں دوجی رت وچ نویں وادھے تے ڈاڈھے دکھاں بھریا ہوندا اے۔ ہندی وچ اجیہی شاعری نوں کھٹ رت بیان آکھیا گیا اے۔ سنسکرت وچ کالی داس دی رتو سنہار اپ بھرنش وچ عبدالرحمان ملتانی دی سندیش راسک رت بیان دے بڑے سوہنے نمونے نیں۔ ہندی وچ ملک محمد جائیسی نے ایس نوں اپنایا۔ انگریزی وچ باراں ماہے دی طرز دا اک نمونہ سپینسر (1550-1599) شاعر نے 1576 وچ شیفرڈ کیلنڈر لکھیااے جیہدے وچ ہر مہینے دی کیفیت نوں بیان کیتا گیا اے‘‘(۲)

پنجابی لوک گیتاں تے باراں ماہ دا سانگا ڈھیر پرانا اے۔ ایہہ باقاعدہ کدوں توں لکھیا جان لگیا اے ایس بارے سیانیاں گویڑ لائے نیں۔ سیانیاں نے کیوں جے لکھتی روپ ناں ہوون پاروں دعویٰ نہیں کیتا جاسکدا۔ باراں ماہ دا جیہڑا مواد موجود اے اوس توں ایہہ گویڑ لایا گیا اے۔

’’پنجاب وچ باراں ماہ دی پرنپرا کافی پرانی اے۔ گیارھویں صدی دے مسعود سعد سلیمان لاہوری (1047-1122) دا فارسی باراں ماہ...

قرآن کریم میں مذکورہ انبیا ء کرام کے واقعات سراغ رسانی

Intelligence system is considered to be one of the important tools used by military and civil secret agencies to defend and strengthen a nation. Intelligence system is thought to be one of the oldest studies of known history. Intelligence system consists of correct and accurate information, gathered after great struggle and facing difficulties. This department is related to both peace and war. Intelligence is a basis of formulating all military strategies and plans. The importance of Intelligence system both in day to day life and as a nation cannot be overemphasized. This article narrates the history of espionage, which is as old as the history of mankind itself. Five thousand years ago, the Egyptians has a well-organized secret service. In the ancient western country, it was called as; hakim’, in Spain (Undles) as ‘Sahib al Madina’, in Tunis as ‘Ray’ and in Iran the as “Areef”. Nowadays it is known as ‘Muqadama-Tul-Haaraat’, Salaf-Us-Saliheen calls its “Shurtaa” and some calls it as ‘Sahib al-us-us’ as they use to move throughout the night to look for anti-state elements. The first ever victim of intelligence warfare was Hazrat Adam (A) where Satan revolt against him. Similarly, the incident of Hazrat Yousaf (A) is the indication of old age practice of espionage. Due to jealousy, his brothers sold him as slave and told their father that he has been eaten alive by a wolf. Hazrat Musa (A) had his network of espionage. Even birds had been used for spying, like in the case of Hazrat Suleman (A) where he was informed by the hopp bird about the Queen of Saba. The study of the Bible reveals that instead of Hazrat Eessa (A), Yehuda Skruti was crucified but still nobody knows for sure that whether he was a true follower of the Jesus or was an implanted agent of the Romans Intelligence Agency. Anyhow, Bible declared him as a Roman spy. The ongoing tribal wars in ancient Arabs further emphasized this activity. The rest of the world had already well developed intelligence system. But in Arab, it was in its development phase and it was the Holy Prophet (PBUH) who got it from his ancestors and developed it. In addition to the intelligence systems of the early prophets, the relevant events in the realm of Nijashi of Habsha and Alexander the Great, have been narrated in this article.

Development of Synbiotic Beverage Through Co-Culture Fermentation of Oat and Barley

The objective of the present study was to isolate Bifidobacterium longum from infant faeces and elucidate its probiotic potential cereals based synbiotic beverage. B. longum BL-05 was isolated, characterized and encapsulated by using whey protein concentrate (WPC) and pectin (PE) as wall materials. Five bead formulations were prepared E1) 100% WPC, E2) 75% WPC + 25% PE, E3) 50% WPC + 50% PE, E4) 75% WPC + 25% PE and E5) 100% PE. The encapsulation was carried out by using extrusion method. The survival and viability of free and encapsulated B. longum was assessed through their resistance to Simulated Gastric Juice (SGJ), tolerance to bile salt, release profile in Simulated Intestinal Fluid (SIF) and storage stability during 28 days at 4oC. The microencapsulation provided better protection to B. longum BL-05 and encapsulated cells exhibited significant (p<0.05) resistance to SGJ and SIF as compared to free cells. E3 and E4 beads indicated more resistance to SGJ (at pH 2 for 2 h) and bile salts solution (2%) but comparatively slow release as compared to other bead formulations. Free cells lost their viability and exhibited sensitivity to gastrointestinal conditions whereas the viable cell count was > 6 log CFU/mL in all the encapsulated treatments. Additionally, free cells were not viable when stored at 4oC but microencapsulated cells revealed promising results during 28 days of storage at 4oC. Encapsulation efficiency, yield, size and textural properties (hardness, cohesiveness, springiness) of beads significantly increased as pectin proportion and total polymer concentration increased. SEM results revealed that E4 and E5 microbeads surface was more smooth and without visible wrinkles/shrinkage as compared to rest of bead formulations. On the basis of higher encapsulation efficiency and survival of B. longum BL-05, beads prepared with 75% WPC and 25% PE were selected for the development of oat and barley based synbiotic beverage with the addition of Lactobacillus plantarum as a co-culture. Significant variation was observed in physicochemical and microbiological analyses among treatments during 28 days of storage. Storage studies revealed a decreasing trend for pH, total soluble solids (TSS), vitamin C, water holding capacity (WHC), total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity, viable cell count and sugars (glucose, fructose, maltose) while increasing trend was observed in acidity and organic acids (lactic acid, acetic acid). On the basis of overall acceptability, beverage developed with 50% oat and 50% barley were assigned highest scores by the panelists. The results established that extrusion using WPC and PE as encapsulating materials could be considered as one of the auspicious encapsulating materials for effective delivery of probiotics in food system. Combination of wall material showed a important strategy to improve the survival and viability of probiotics. Morover, utilization of oat and barley as prebiotics further enlightened the concept of synbiotic cereal base food products in the market.