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Developing a Framework for Effective IT Project Management and Best HR Practices

Thesis Info

Author

S. M. Imran Haider Naqvi

Department

Department of Management Sciences

Program

PhD

Institute

National University of Modern Languages

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2009

Subject

Management Sciences

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676728761657

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The existing framework of Project Management advises project managers to exercise nine knowledge areas. These are management of the project's Scope, Time, Cost, Quality, HR, Communication, Procurement, Risk and Integration. It suggests entertaining these nine knowledge areas in five processes that are initiating, planning, executing, controlling and closing the project. The knowledge on HR Management (HRM) declares fourteen functions that this study identified applicable to Project Management. The literature stresses that managing all these knowledge areas determines project's outcome. The literature further indicates that nine knowledge areas are not equal in priority and HRM is not given the needful precedence. The study perceived that it is not pragmatic for a project manager to perform the nine knowledge areas and all the applicable functions of HRM efficiently. From January 2005 to January 2008, this study discovered that in the IT industry of Islamabad — Rawalpindi, Pakistan, project managers were assigned neither all the nine knowledge areas nor all the applicable functions of HRM. The study observed that projects suffered where HRM was underestimated. Can the quality in practice of HRM make or break projects? If yes, what minimum functions of HRM should be assigned to a project manager to benefit projects? Further, how can the project manager's role for precise number of knowledge areas be defined? The study assumed that precise and well-defined role of a project manager in terms of the nine knowledge areas and HRM can make the existing framework for Project Management more adoptable. For this purpose integrating the literature and the real practices in the selected IT industry this study identified and selected five FIRM functions as independent variables (IVs) keeping project result as dependent variable (DV). The IVs include selecting right person, assigning workload, setting timelines, communication and monitoring performance. This study hypothesized that the result of specific IT/Telecom project is correlated with and regressed by the quality in the practice of the mentioned HRM functions. Utilizing a valid and reliable instrument the study collected data for a stratified sample of 70 heterogeneous IT/Telecom projects from the selected 24 IT/Telecom organizations. Employing frequency & descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlations, regression and PLS regression the analyses were conducted. All the selected IVs were found correlated with project result. Individually no 1V regressed project result but collectively they all regressed the DV. The study substantiated its hypotheses based on results of regression and PLS regression. It inferred that good quality, practice of all the selected HR functions paves success for 1T/Telecom project while their substandard practice will lead project to suffering. The conclusion of the study is applicable on the IT projects of large scope and team size with well-defined type provided all the other knowledge areas for project management are exercised with necessary equilibrium. Based on results this study declares that a project manager should perform at least these five functions of HRM. The study designed templates to help project managers performing these HR functions. The mentioned results and findings from the IT industry about the knowledge areas enabled this study reshaping the existing framework for Project Management. It contributes that project manager better be set responsible only for the management of scope, time, cost, HR and communication for projects while quality, risk and procurement for projects better be managed at organization level. Project manager should consider HRM, Communication and technology the driving tools for managing other knowledge areas.
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مثنوی سیرتِ رسولِ مقبولﷺ

مثنوی سیرت ِ رسول ِ مقبول ﷺ

وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَاکَ اِلَّا رَحْمَۃً لِّلْعَالَمِینَ
اور ہم نے تمھیں نہیں بھیجا مگر رحمت سارے جہانوں کے لیے
الانبیآئ:آیت۱۰۷

اک جہالت کی گھٹا چھائی تھی دُنیا بھر میں
ظلم ہی ظلم بپا رہتا تھا بحر وبر میں

خیر اور شر میں کوئی فرق نہ کر سکتا تھا
ظلم کا سیل کسی وقت بپھر سکتا تھا

رحمتِ باری جو پھر جوش میں آئی یکبار
اور نمایاں ہوئے ہر سمت بدلتے آثار

وادیٔ بطحا میں اک نور برسنے کو تھا
ابرِ رحمت کوئی بھر پور برسنے کو تھا

تیرہ و تار فضاؤں کا مقدر چمکا
فرقِ افلاک پہ اک ماہِ منور چمکا

جبر کی رات چھٹی ، مہرِ نبوت اُبھرا
ظلم کی رات کٹی ، مہرِ نبوت اُبھرا

دشتِ گُم راہی کی راہوں میں ہدایت پھیلی
ہر طرف روشنیٔ رحمت و رافت پھیلی

خلوتِ خاص میں جبریلِ امیں ؑ آئے تھے
اور پیغام ِ خدا اُن کے لیے لائے تھے

زملونی کی صدا گوشِ خدیجہؓ نے سُنی
راہِ اسلام اُسی لمحے میں فی الفور چُنی

ٹھیک آغازِ رسالت میں علیؓ ساتھ رہا
زیدؓ و بوبکرؓ نے بھی آپؐ کو لبیک کہا

اقربا کو جو بلایا کہ مرا ساتھ تو دو
میرے ہاتھوں میں محبت کا ذرا ہاتھ تو دو

سُورما جتنے بھی بیٹھے تھے وہ خاموش رہے
سر بہ زانو تو کئی چہرہ بہ آغوش رہے

ایک کم سن جو علیؓ ابنِ ابی طالبؑ تھے
اُٹھ کے گویا ہوئے یوں سب پہ وُہی غالب تھے

گرچہ کمزور ہوں پر آپؐ کا ساتھی ہوں میں
دُنیا و عقبیٰ...

Zakat on Non-Agricultural Land Plots: Public Awareness and Fiscal Reforms

Zakat is although a compulsory obligation in Islam but is not paid compulsorily by the people. There are two main reasons; one is the ignorance about many things on which zakat is due, for example non-agricultural land and commercial plots etc. andsecond, ignorance about the mechanism through which it is paid. Thefirst aspect is related to public awareness and second aspect is related to the fiscal policy being enforced by the government collecting property and wealth taxes thus putting heavyfinancial pressure on the owners of real estate so as to compel them to avoid zakat andpay taxes. The paper explores the level of awareness among the general public about the payment ofzakat on non-agricultural land. Itfurther addresses the question that how the existing revenue structure need to be changed. For thefirst aspect, primary data with n=33 has been collected from the capital city of the province Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. For the second aspect the revenue structure of the government is reviewed tofind out the number of taxes on the possession, sale and purchase of commercial or nonagricultural land plots. Since taxes are in no way a substitute of zakat so it is further explored that if the existing taxes are replaced and zakat system would be properly enforced then how much is the net return. In order to estimate this net return, an interview has been conducted from the property dealers and also the figures are taken from government accounts to calculate a sample for the study area that is then generalized for the government returns at large. The results of the study show a high level ofignorance about zakat obligation on plots in the study area. The verdicts of the Islamic scholars also create difference of opinion, however, majority have approved the case in favor of payment. Since there is ignorance and people have to pay taxes so they avoid zakat and just pay taxes. A mechanism is needed for fiscal reforms to ensure the payment of zakat and to stop its substitution against taxes on land plots.

A Study of English Language Learning as An Element Affecting The Social Capital of The People of Pakistan

A Study of English Language Learning as An Element Affecting The Social Capital of The People of Pakistan This research has been a means to look into Pakistani society and to explore how social capital is being generated through schools. The main inspiration for this work was French sociologist, Pierre Bourdieu's research on language and the creation of social capital. Bourdieu (1992) has used the term habitus to describe certain dispositions which incline individuals to act in certain ways — ways that are explicitly articulated in language. He has also used it as a tool to identify the social 'space of individuals in which a piece of language occurs and embraces the whole activity of the speaker or participant in a setting' (1971). This research aimed to find out how social capital is structured and how is it being affected through education in Pakistani society; to explore how parental perception of social capital coincides with the conceptualization of social capital; and to investigate how the language of education in schools is seen as influencing the formation of social capital. The correlation between social capital, education and the language of schooling was investigated through a detailed library research. The theoretical analysis was then transferred to a questionnaire which was administered on parents of secondary school children to find out their perceptions about the medium of education they chose for their children. The research was carried out in Karachi. The questionnaire was administered to parents of children in the final two years of secondary education, aged 14-16 years. Twelve students were selected at random from each single-sex and 24 (12 girls and 12 boys) from each co-ed school. Half the students were asked to have the questionnaire filled in at home by their mother and half by their father. There was a 100% response rate though of course the use of pupils as intermediaries is open to challenge. The questionnaire was translated into Urdu for the convenience of parents. The scale helped to validate the three main dimensions of social capital (structural, relational and cognitive) and to identify which dimension was being affected through schooling more. The following conclusions were drawn from the data collected: 1. Social capital created in schools affects about 10% of the habitus of individuals. 2. Secondary schools in Pakistan are perceived by parents as a means to build structural and relational social capital more than cognitive social capital. 3. Though Urdu is the national language, there are no Urdu medium schools in the metropolitan city of Karachi in the high- cost profit category. 4. Language of instruction has a stronger effect on social capital than the gender of schooling. The medium of education significantly influences the social capital of individuals in Pakistan.