برکتوں سے بھرا ہے سفر نعت کا
رُوح پر ہو رہا ہے اثر نعت کا
لفظ آتا ہے تو اِذن ِ سرکارؐ سے
ایک اک لفظ ہے معتبر نعت کا
راہِ مضمون ِ تازہ کہاں بند ہے
تا قیامت کُھلا ہے یہ در نعت کا
دشتِ شعر و سخن کی کڑی دُھوپ میں
سایہ دیتا رہے گا شجر نعت کا
شاخِ معنی ہوئی بارور، آگیا
برگ و بار ثنا اور ثمر نعت کا
اِ س پہ ابلیس کا آنا جانا نہیں
راستہ ہے سدا بے خطر نعت کا
اکتساب اِس میں ذرّہ برابر نہیں
ہے سراسر عطا یہ ہنر نعت کا
حاضری ہو کبھی روضئہ پاک پر
لے کے دیوان یہ مختصر نعت کا
The research reveals significant insights cited by Ibn Al ‘Irāqī in his book "Toḥfah Al Taḥṣīl" on the illusions of Al-‘Alā'ī in his book "Jāmi Al Taḥṣīl". It highlights the scientific value of those illusions that Ibn Al-‘Irāqī pointed out. Several of them are related to narrators of hadith and their issues of hearing from their sheikhs. Many of those illusions are related to the chain narrators (isnad), the main text of the report (matn), or their position in the books of sunnah. There are no previous studies on this subject. I put the sequential insights I revel under headlines through which one can realize the illusions that Al-Ala'i fell in. I conclude with the perceptions that both Ibn Al-‘Iraqī and Al-‘Alā’ī have shared. I don’t mention my opinion after each insight for Ibn Al-‘Iraqī; however, my silence is an approval to what he said. When I went against him or it was important to mention any comment or information, I openly said my opinion and explained the reasons for my opposition. Some of the research findings are: Al-Ala'i ignores mentioning the narrator's gap (irsal), although Al-Mizzī mentions it in his book "Tahdhīb", or the scholars mention it before both of them. He describes the narrator having a gap (irsāl) and attributes it to Al-Mizzī. He added notes like "he didn't encounter him" and formulated expressions that weren’t mentioned by neither Al Dhahabī nor Al-Mizzī. He references a Ḥadīth to a book that it is not included in.
Heat stress is a challenging issue for the dairy farmers of Pakistan since the geographical location of Pakistan is sub-tropic. The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of housing strategies on the production performance of Nili-Ravi buffaloes during period of early (March and April), mid (hot-dry: May and June; hot-humid: July and August) and late summer (September and October). The study was carried out at Buffalo Research Institute (BRI), Livestock Experiment Station (LES), Bhunike, Distt. Kasur, Punjab. Mature lactating multiparous (3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th parity) Nili-Ravi buffaloes (n=20) with similar level of milk production and stage of lactation were selected from the herds maintained at LES, Pattoki. Buffaloes were divided into four different treatment groups with 5 buffaloes in each group. Animals were re-randomized after each experiment to balance for milk production and stage of lactation. Group A was kept under roof shade only; B was given anti-stress product (dry yeast powder; saccharomyces cerevisiae); C under fans and group D buffaloes kept under showers and fans, provided with roof shades. During early-summer (Experiment-1) temperature humidity index (THI) value was recorded as 73.1 and 81.0 during months of March and April, respectively. Significant (P<0.01) higher milk production (MP; liter) was achieved in shower group (D; 8.37±0.08) as compared to A (7.97±0.10), B (8.07±0.08) and C group (8.14±0.09). Similarly, dry matter intake (DMI; kg) value was noted high as 15.8±0.11 (P<0.05) for shower group (D) as compared to 14.3±0.11, 14.5±0.12 and 15.6±0.09 for group A, B and C, respectively. Cost per liter of milk was higher for group C and B and were lower than the margins achieved with increased milk production. During hot-dry summer (May-June; Experiment-2), milk production (MP; liter) was significantly (P<0.01) high in shower group (D; 7.33±0.10) as compared to A (6.39±0.13), B (6.52±0.09) and C group (6.95±0.11) whereas, THI value were 85.6 and 87.6 for May and June, respectively. Dry matter intake (DMI; Kg) was significantly (P<0.05) high (15.4±0.16 kg) for Shower group (D). However, cost of production (cost/liter of milk) was lower for shower group (D) buffaloes. In the hot-humid climatic conditions (July-August; Experiment-3) daily milk production (MP; liter) was noted and values were found as 4.61±0.06, 5.00±0.08, 5.12±0.08 and 5.80±0.09 for the treatment groups A, B, C and D during hot-humid summer (Significantly higher in group D; P<0.05). Similarly, the value for DMI (Kg) was found as 13.02±0.09, 14.11±0.08, 14.32±0.13 and 15.21±0.16 for the treatment groups A, B, C and D, respectively (Significantly higher in group D; P<0.05). Respiration rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT) and pulse rate (PR) were significantly (P<0.01) lower for group D during hot-dry and hot-humid summer, as compared to other groups. In the late summer, Milk production (MP; liter) and DMI (Kg) were significantly (P<0.01) lower for control group (A) as compared to other treatment groups (B, C and D) whereas, cost per liter of milk was more during mid. and late summer. The findings from these studies strongly imply the application of cooling measures especially during mid-summer (hot-dry and hot-humid) and late summer. While increased milk production was also seen in early summer, the additional costs of feed and cooling netted lower margins than shade alone. Keywords: Nili-Ravi, milk production, heat stress, dry matter intake