عساکر میں نعت کا ابتدائیہ اور افواجِ پاکستان کے نعت گو
شاکر کنڈان(سرگودھا)
فوج اور نعت اگر چہ دو مختلف موضوعات ہیں لیکن یہ دونوں موضوع جابتداء سے ایک دوسرے کے ساتھ جڑے ہوئے ہیں ۔فوج کو ہم عسکریت سے منسلک کرتے ہیں اور عسکریت کو ہتھیاروں کے استعمال سے سے ۔
ماہرین ِلسانیات یا علمائے تاریخ کا کہنا ہے کہ پانچ ہزار سال قبل مسیح سے پہلے کی تاریخ ہماری معلومات سے اوجھل ہے لیکن انسانی وجود کو وہ کروڑوں سال پر محیط بتاتے ہیں ۔اگر اس مفروضے کو مان بھی لیا جائے تو پھر بھی ہمیں اسی دور سے تاریخ و تہذیب کے آغاز کوبھی تسلیم کرنا پڑے گا جو ہماری تاریخ ہمیں بتاتی ہے ۔میری سمجھ سے تو یہ بالا ہے کہ ہم مٖفروضوں کوسچ ماننے میں تو تاخیر نہیں کرتے لیکن سچ کا سامنا کرتے ہوئے ہماری جان جاتی ہے ۔
در اصل جومعلوم تاریخ ہمیں پانچ ہزار سال قبل مسیح ملتی ہے یہ وہ ہے جس کے بارے میں توریت ہماری رہنمائی کرتی ہے یا پھر قرآنِ مجید فرقانِ حمید ہمیں آگاہ فرماتا ہے ۔یہاں پانچ ہزار سال کو ماننے کے لئے تو ہم تیار ہیں لیکن اسلام کی دی ہوئی باقی آگاہی سے ہم آگاہ ہونا ہی نہیں چاہتے کیوں کہ ہمارے ذہنوں پر دوسروں کے علم کا بھوت اس حد تک سوار ہو چکا ہے کہ ہمیں اپنی ذات پر اعتماد ہی نہیں رہا ۔دوسروں کی لغویات کو ہم نے سچائی کے مقام پر فائز کر دیا اور اپنے حقائق کو تسلیم کرنے سے اس لئے قاصر رہے کہ ہم تحقیق سے پہلو تہی کرتے ہیں ۔
توریت کے بابِ پیدائش میں پہلا انسان حضرت آدم ؑ کو تسلیم کیا گیا ہے اور قرآنِ مجید...
Peace is the key source of all virtues. Unfortunately, since long all the world especially Muslim ummah is facing extremism and terrorism. It is very tragic are mostly those who are having the labels of Islam. One of the many reasons for this is the weakness of beliefs. Today many people have misconceptions about basic beliefs of Islam. Such people are responsible for destroying the peace of society. The best and easy solution to avoid all these riots and setting up peace is to focus on improving their beliefs. Without this the desire to establish peace is nothing more than a dream. In spite of the intention of eliminating the riots with the latest cameras, sensors, radar and all the richest resources available in the world's developed countries. There is not a single woman who travels far away from the remote and is not afraid of anyone except Allah. But the Islam, fourteen centuries ago, showed that a woman travelled alone from?ir? To Makkah and would not have been afraid of anyone except Allah. It was possible only when the prophet (pbuh) spent his life preaching in Makkah about the purification of beliefs. In history, it is always a tradition that whenever corruption is increased on earth, Allah altered this corruption by the prophets and all the prophets started their mission with correction of beliefs.
ABSTRACT
This study is designed to assess the targeting efficiency, evaluate the welfare impact on the lives of the poor and explore the public perceptions about the performance of Dandot Bait-ulMal (DBM), Official Zakat System (OZS) and Benazir Income Support Program (BISP). To achieve the objectives, primary data is collected from households, through a survey conducted in Dandot and Dhalwal towns of district Chakwal, province Punjab, Pakistan. A total of 800 households are interviewed by using stratified and simple random sampling techniques. To address the objectives, different measures of targeting efficiency and propensity score matching methods are employed.
The findings reveal that DBM is the most efficient program since its targeting count gap is the lowest, followed by BISP and OZS. Targeting ratio of BISP is the lowest than that of the other two programs but its beneficiaries also belong to the richest households. The results show that all programs succeed to some extent in targeting poor, however, evidence of type-I and type-II errors is found. No leakage of funds is found in DBM. The third quintile of beneficiaries of OZS doesn't receive 24.5% of funds while about one-fifth of funds are not received by the poorest segment of BISP beneficiaries. About one-third of the beneficiary households get help to register their names with programs.
The estimates of matching methods reveal that per adult equivalent food and per capita health expenditure of cash recipients are significantly higher than those of the non-recipients. The significant difference in educational expenditures is also observed between recipients and nonrecipients of DBM and BISP. The poverty status of the BISP beneficiary households is not only higher than the non-beneficiary households but also statistically significant. The cash transfer of BISP is unable to provide any relief in terms of poverty to its beneficiaries. A significant proportion of the beneficiary households feel better off as compared to their position last year. Almost all the respondents report that the DBM has the potential to overcome poverty provided that proper ‘rehabilitation schemes’ are introduced and the ‘well-to-do people are motivated to
contribute’ to the program funds. The majority of respondents suggest that the ‘allocation of funds should be raised’, and ‘survey for the identification of the poor should be properly conducted’ to improve the role of the programs. The study implies that these programs can playa vital role in improving the lives of the poverty-ridden segments of the society but it needs sincere efforts on the part of the stake-holders.