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Effects of Lending Policies of Khushhali Bank Limited on Sustainability of Micro Enterprises

Thesis Info

Author

Adil Mehmood

Department

Department of Management Sciences

Program

Mphil

Institute

National University of Modern Languages

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2016

Subject

Management Sciences

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676728806905

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This research study investigates the effects of lending policies of Khushhali Bank Limited (KBL) on sustainability of micro enterprises. A sample size of 350 respondents was selected in district Charsadda through random sampling technique. The research study uses multiple regression technique which shows that there is a significant positive impact of independent variables on dependent variable. Majority of respondent perceive that existing criteria of lending is complex and not loan friendly therefore restricts the accessibility to the micro finance. The research also found that training of the borrower enhances the capacity and production level. The research also suggest that well designed monitoring system help in enhancing product quality which in turn produce enough income for the enterprise thereby adding in the personal saving. Most of the respondents viewed poor roads, telecommunications and poor information as main hurdles in and market accessibility and market linkage development. The study recommends that in order to promote sustainable SMEs growth is to review the existing SMEs prudential regulations to improve SMEs access to finance. Training and capacity building of SMEs should be the priority of government, furthermore, banks/borrowing agencies should develop and implement an appropriate system for monitoring utilization of loans.
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اردو سیرت نگاری؛چند اہم اردو تصانیف کا تعارف

 

اردو سیرت نگاری؛چند اہم اردو تصانیف کا تعارف

ڈاکٹر محمد انصر جاوید گھمن

ایمان کا ایک بنیادی جز اس بات کا متقاضی ہے کہ نہ صرف اس بات پر یقین کامل ہونا چاہیے کہ حضور اکرمﷺبحیثیت خاتم النبیین اللہ تعالیٰ کے آخری نبی ہیں بلکہ اس کے ساتھ ساتھ آپﷺ کی ذات مبارکہ سے انتہا درجے کا عشق ہونا بھی ضروری ہے اور آپ کی تعلیمات پر عمل پیرا رہنا ہر صاحب ایمان مرد عورت پر فرض ہے۔ بحیثیت مسلمان ہمیں حضور پاک ﷺکی سیرت مبارکہ کے مختلف گوشوں کا مطالعہ کرنے کی ضرورت ہے تا کہ اپنی زندگی میں ان اصولوں کی پیروی کی جائے جو ہمارے لئے اسوہ حسنہ ہیں۔ لین دین کے معاملات سے لے کر حقوق العباد تک، عبادات سے لے کر ایمانیات و روحانیات تک الغرض شعبہ زندگی و عبادات سے متعلق ہر ممکنہ پہلوؤں تک ہماری یہی کوشش رہتی ہے کہ ہم سنت رسولﷺ کی پیروی کریں اور رسول اکرمﷺ کی تمام سنتوں کی مکمل طور پر پیروی کی جائے جو بدعات سے پاک ہوں۔ قرآن کے مطلوب و مقصود کے عین مطابق ہوں اور حضور اکرمﷺ کی اصل تعلیمات و تشریحات پر ہی مبنی ہو۔دین کے ایک طالب علم ہونے کی وجہ سے چونکہ ہم سیرت النبیﷺ کے مطالعہ کی اہمیت سے انکار نہیں  کر سکتے۔ چنانچہ ہماری کوشش رہتی ہے کہ ہماری علمی تراث میں سیرت نگاری پر جتنا لیٹریچر مرتب کیا جا چکا ہے اس کا ایک تاریخی جائزہ لیا جائے۔ مصادر سیرت کے ہر ہر جز کی بنیاد کے فہم کو سمجھا جائے اور ایک عجمی ہونے کے ناطے ہمیں جہاں عربی مصادر سیرت نگاری کا مطالعہ کرنا درکار ہو گا وہیں اردو زبان میں شائع شدہ سیرت نگاری کا ایک تفصیلی و تحقیقی (بشمول...

Arrhythmias after Implantation of the Left Ventricular Assisted Device Arrhythmias after Implantation of the Left Ventricular Assisted Device

Cardiac arrhythmias has been frequently reported after left ventricular assist devices implantation but currently literature shows no sufficient information on cardiac arrhythmias. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the frequency and other features of ventricular and supra ventricular ectopic beats ((SVEB), atrial fibrillation (AF)/flutter (AFL) post device implantation. Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in Department of Cardiac-Surgery, University of Verona Medical School, Verona, Italy from June 2014-September 2016. Rhythm monitoring and registration were collected from 16 patients (13 males; 45±13years) during the first five (05) days after implantation. To assess late post-operative rhythm, patient’s hospital electronic records were used as well asfunctional hemodynamic parameters including mean arterial pressure(MAP), right atrial pressure(RAP), heart rate(HR) and ST-deviation(d-ST). Results: Ventricular arrhythmia (n=9), atrial fibrillation (n=5) or atrial flutter (n=2) episodes were preoperatively present in 11 patients. Postoperatively, 5 patients developed either VT (n=2), AF (n=1) or both VT/AF (n=2) during a follow-up of 18±14 months. Prior to postoperative VT (POVT) episodes (n=123), MAP decreased, HR, d-ST increased and RAP remained unaltered. POVT were initiated either by single VEBS (28%), V-couplets (15%), V-run (46%) or occurred suddenly (11%). Conclusions: Ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias are common after device implantation. The frequency of sustained VTA was less at early phase as compared to late postoperative phase.

Isolation and Characterization of Cadmium Metallothionein Gene from Local Ciliates

First cadmium metallothionein like gene PMCd1 of a ciliate, Paramecium sp., isolated from indus- trial wastewater has been cloned and sequenced. PMCd1 is an intronless gene, encoding 612 nucleotides, with TAA coding for glutamine. The coding region of PMCd1 com- prises 203 amino acids, including 37 cysteine residues with a conserved structural pattern in the form of recurring structural motifs, arranged in 17 x-cys-x-y-cys-x, 1 x-cys- cys-x and x-cys-x contexts. Both, the deduced amino acids and nucleotide sequence differ, not only from other animal metallothioneins (MTs), but also from the previously characterized Tetrahymena Cu and Cd-MTs. The translated protein of PMCd1 contains conserved cysteine residues, peculiar characteristic of stress inducible metallothionein genes of ciliates and other groups of organisms.