مولوی بشیرالدین
اسی مہینہ ہماری پرانی بزم کی ایک اہم اور قدیم یادگار مولوی بشیر الدین صاحب نے وفات پائی، وہ اپنے دور کی آخری نشانی تھے، ان کی ابتداء سرسید کی مخالفت سے ہوئی تھی، پھر ان کے حامی، مقلد اور ان کے مشن کے مبلغ بن گئے اور اپنی زندگی مسلمانوں کی تعلیمی خدمت کے لیے وقف کردی، اسلامیہ کالج اٹاوہ ان کا بڑا کارنامہ ہے۔
اخبار البشیر کے ذریعہ بھی انھوں نے بڑی خدمات انجام دیں ایک زمانہ میں وہ نہایت وقیع اخبار تھا اور اس کی آواز بڑی مؤثر تھی، تعلیم کے علاوہ بھی انھوں نے بہت سے تعمیری کام انجام دیئے، ان کی زندگی قومی کارکنوں کے لئے نمونہ تھی، وہ اگرچہ سرسید کی جماعت کے آدمی تھی، لیکن سیاسی خیالات میں آزاد اور قوم پرور تھے اور آخر تک اس مسلک پر قائم رہے۔ اب ایسے مخلص اور عملی انسان مشکل سے پیدا ہوں گے، ایک سو سال سے زیادہ کی عمر پائی، اﷲ تعالیٰ اس کہن سال خادم قوم کو اپنی رحمت و مغفرت سے سرفراز فرمائے۔ (شاہ معین الدین ندوی،جولائی ۱۹۵۶ء)
The personal social issues experienced by students in daily life are important studies in social studies education. The study of the role of the environment is very important in preserving local wisdom that is beginning to be abandoned by the younger generation, especially the students as a generation of gold who will continue the eastafet stick of development. The importance of a learning approach that is relevant to the situation of students, learning in accordance with the real world reality of students with ecological intelligence (Ekopedagogy) by exploring local wisdom that can be developed through social studies with the selection of contextual material, and meaningful for students to develop skills concern for the community, and place empathy as a form of positive attitudes towards environmental conservation based on local wisdom through the ecopedagogy approach. Keywords: social studies, local wisdom, ethnopedagogy
Intheexistinghighlymechanizedandtechnologicallyadvancedsociety,thevehicleprovides a key means of communication. Vehicle ride is influenced by road surface roughness. Somedoseofunpleasantwholebodyvibration(WBV)transmittedintothehuman organs causes fatigue and discomfort. Low frequency WBV is injurious and prolonged exposures result in multiple health problems. Increase in vibration creates more health hazards thus reduces human performance. A score of experimental and analytical studiesonseated-driversexposuretolow-frequencyWBVhavedemonstratedintheexisting literature. However,thepublishedliteraturelacksintegratedbiodynamicmodeling. Verification of the models against various external road excitation profiles. And the use of advanced intelligent control strategies for vibration damping and the biodynamic response analysis. Today,theautomobilemanufacturersareconfrontedwithconflictingchallenges,atradeoff between ride quality, vehicle safety, stability, rattle space and wheels deflection limits. WBVdamping,therefore,hasattractedalotofinterestintherecentyears. Anumber of suspension models and control techniques are developed and implemented and few are still under consideration. The work presented in this thesis includes mathematical modeling of the nonlinear fullcar active suspension system with driver and passenger lumped seat model along with anti-lockbrakingsystem(ABS).Themodelingisextendedtovehicle-driverbiodynamic, vehicle-pregnant subject biodynamic and vehicle-driver-pregnant subject biodynamic with ABS and cornering models. These models incorporate all forms of the system motions and nonlinearities. An advanced adaptive NeuroFuzzy control is proposed and developed for vibrations damping and ride comfort improvement. An adaptive recurrent Fuzzy wavelet neural network(ARFWNN)controlalgorithmisalsoproposedtofurtherenhancetheridecomfort of the vehicle occupants.