مولانا محمد یوسف بنوری/قاری محمد یعقوب
سیمینار میں مولانا محمد یوسف صاحب بنوری کی وفات حسرت آیات کی اطلاع ملی اورواپسی میں جناب قاری محمد یعقوب صاحب(کراچی)کے حادثۂ انتقال کاعلم ہوا توسخت صدمہ اورملال ہوا۔ رحمھما اﷲ رحمۃ واسعۃً۔ اکتوبر اور نومبر میں بعض ضروری علمی کاموں میں، میں اس درجہ مصروف رہا کہ برہان کی طرف بالکل توجہ نہیں کرسکا۔یہ نظرات لکھنے کے لیے بھی بڑی مشکل سے وقت نکال سکاہوں۔ آئندہ انشاء اﷲ’’وفیات‘‘کے زیر عنوان مرحوم بزرگوں کا تذکرہ ہوگا۔ [نومبر۱۹۷۷ء]
Politics is the field where women have been ignored since ancient times, due to the political notions determined by ideological beliefs and cultural norms. Among the United Nations’ measures remove gender inequalities, includes recommendation for reserving 30 per cent seats for women in legislatures. In Pakistan, this remarkable change was effected in 2000, as it reserved 33 percent seats for women at the local government and 17 per cent at the Provincial/National Assemblies and the Senate level, so about 40,000 women entered in local bodies throughout the country in 2000-01, and almost 55,000 women contested local government in 2005. Despite these developments, women are still facing challenges that deter the full realization of their roles as active interlocutors of policy-making. Keeping in view these aspects, this paper has analyzed the local government, focusing on women, exploring whether the increasing number of women in legislatures is merely a numerical strength, or is empowering them, too, Whether they are the ‘subjects of change’ or the ‘agents of change.’ It is calculated that administrative structures of local government is male-dominated, whereas women are trying to ensure their position, however, gendered barriers remain unbroken
The debate over capital punishment has gained attention of academicians, researchers and policy makers equally. Support or opposition of capital punishment both are backed by the notion of value of human life. It is a quantitative cross-sectional study in its nature and envisaged to explore the perception about effectiveness of capital punishment. A sample of 600 registered lawyers was selected from five district bar associations of Punjab province through random sampling technique. Data were collected through a selfadministered questionnaire and analyzed by applying suitable statistical tests. The objectives of this were to assess the level of awareness about occurrence and reasons of crimes, reasons to support and oppose capital punishment, opinion about crimes on which capital punishment can be awarded and perception about effectiveness of capital punishment as deterrence. Both descriptive and inferential analyses were carried out and results of this research showed that most of the respondents were aware of the occurrence and reasons of crimes. A vast majority of lawyers were in favor of capital punishment due to its significant role in curbing terrorism and violent crimes, particularly in socio-cultural context of Pakistan. They supported capital punishment as effective mean of deterrence against criminal intent and homicide. Miscarriage of justice and sect based victimization were the reasons to oppose the capital punishment. Risk of innocent execution and flaws in police investigation system were also reasons to oppose the capital punishment. This research revealed that respondents having more awareness regarding causes of the crimes perceived capital punishment more effective. However, there was no relationship between the awareness of capital punishment and perceived effectiveness of capital punishment. There was an inverse relationship between reasons to oppose capital punishment and perceived effectiveness of capital punishment. Multivariate analysis revealed a strong association of awareness about punishment, crimes against person, crimes against state and reasons to support capital punishment with effectiveness of capital punishment.