ڈاکٹر عبدالجلیل فریدی
افسوس ہے گذشتہ ماہ ڈاکٹر عبدالجلیل فریدی اکسٹھ برس کی عمر میں ہم سے جُدا ہوگئے۔ مرحوم ایک نہایت بلند مرتبہ اور ماہرِ فن ڈاکٹر کی حیثیت سے ریاست میں ہرجگہ معروف اور مشہور تھے ، لیکن عملی سیاسیات کے میدان میں گامزن ہوئے ابھی انھیں دس بارہ برس ہی ہوئے تھے،اس کے باوجود وہ اس شان اور کروفرکے ساتھ اپنی ریاست کے آسمان ِ سیاست پر نمودار ہوئے کہ پرانے چراغ جھلملا کے رہ گئے۔ ان کی سیاست اگر چہ اتر پردیش تک محدود رہی،لیکن ان کی غیر معمولی شخصیت کاوقار اوروزن پورے ملک کے مسلمانوں میں ہر جگہ محسوس کیا جاتا تھا۔اس کی وجہ یہ ہے کہ مرحوم جذبہ اورعمل دونوں کے انسان تھے، نہایت جری،بے باک اورصاف گوتھے۔ان کی سیاست شترگربگی یامنافقت کے عیب سے پاک وصاف تھی۔اورسب سے بڑھ کریہ کہ سیاست کوجلب منفعت کا ذریعہ بنانے کے بجائے انھوں نے چند در چند مالی نقصانات برداشت کیے اور اپنی کمائی کے لاکھوں روپئے اپنے کازپر بے دریغ خرچ کرڈالے۔اخلاق وعادات کے اعتبارسے بھی وہ بڑی خوبیوں کے مالک تھے ۔عقیدہ اورعمل میں پکے اورسچے مسلمان، ہمدرد ومتواضع، خوش اخلاق وخوش طبع تھے، اس بنا پر مخالفین بھی ان کاادب واحترام کرتے تھے۔ عارضۂ صدر میں مبتلاتھے، روس اور یورپ میں اعلیٰ سے اعلیٰ علاج کرایا مگرمرض نہ گیا۔ایک مرتبہ بڑی حسرت سے بولے : میں نے ڈاکٹر کی حیثیت میں تین لاکھ مریضوں کے ہاتھ دیکھے ہیں،لیکن آج خود اپنا ہاتھ دیکھتا ہوں توحسرت ہوتی ہے ۔آخر یہی مرض جان لیوا ثابت ہوا اوروہ خدا کو پیارے ہوگئے۔ا للّٰھمَّ اغفرلہ وارحمہ۔ [جون ۱۹۷۴ء]
The Holy Quran aims to all Muslims to implement the teachings of the Quran in their lives and apply these guidelines which are considered as mandatory code of life for every Muslim. Advancement of Quranic education in society is a great duty for all Muslim as well as they have to utilize maximum available resources and human skills for promotion of Holy Quran in the society. There are two types of institutions they provide Quranic education with a focus on understanding of the Quran. One of them the religious seminaries who follow traditional teaching methods for Quranic education. There are many academic institutions other than the religious seminaries they use different and non-traditional methods for teaching of the Quran. Various academic activities to develop the understanding of the Quran through multi model approaches and strategies of teaching Arabic language are being organized by non-traditional institutes. In this regards nontraditional institutes introduced “Quranic Arabic Language” and easy Arabic Grammar practices for non-Arabic population. Comparison of two different systems, traditional and non-traditional institutes of Quranic education in Pakistan in this research article has been presented.
Germin and germin-like proteins (GLPs) constitute a large and highly diverse family of developmentally regulated proteins showing a wide range of distribution from Myxomycetes to flowering plants. These proteins have been cited in various plant organs like roots, leaves, nectar glands and seeds etc. Germin-like proteins also seem to be involved in many stress related processes, but their definite role in these processes remains obscure. The present study was conducted to elucidate the function of germin-like protein gene (OsRGLP1) of rice by over-expressing OsRGLP1 cDNA under the transcriptional control of strong promoter in tobacco. The cDNA of OsRGLP1, 958 bp was successfully cloned in pTZ57R/T cloning vector. OsRGLP1 cDNA was inserted in p1301 in sense direction down stream of CaMV35S promoter and transformed into Agrobacterium strain EHA101. Transgenic tobacco plants were produced through Agrobacterium mediated transformation and confirmed through hygromycin resistance and PCR amplification of OsRGLP1. Transgenic plants were assessed for growth, morphology, oxalate oxidase and superoxide dismutase activities. Morphologically no difference was observed between T0 transgenic and control plants except that leaves of some mature transgenic plants showed necrotic lesions. Transgenic plants were evaluated for the presence of H2O2 which is reported to be involved in necrosis and cell death. Interestingly, higher levels of H2O2 were observed in transgenic plants. Seeds of T0 /T1 transgenic plants were similar in shape, size and coat color to the control plants when harvested, whereas, seed coat of transgenic seeds turned lighter in color after one year storage at room temperature. Germination rate and percentage in transgenic T1 seeds was significantly lower than control seeds. Segregation analysis indicated a 1:1 ratio for hygromycin phosphotransferase gene in T1 seeds. There was no difference in fresh/dry weights, plant heights and shoot lengths, number of leaves and nodes of transgenic and control plants. Number of roots in transgenic plants was lower while roots were longer than control plant roots. No oxalate oxidase activity either of native or transgene origin could be observed in transgenic plants revealing that OsRGLP1 may not posses this activity. Significantly higher levels of heat resistant superoxide dismutase activity were observed in transgenic plants as compared with control. This added activity was insensitive to KCN and sensitive to H2O2 suggesting being due to FeSOD activity. Present study indicates for the first time that OsRGLP1 may posses SOD activity along with a striking observation that this activity is FeSOD type instead of MnSOD, if at all observed. Upstream regulatory region of OsRGLP1 was also cloned, sequenced and analyzed to gain insight into the regulatory aspects. The promoter region contained many regulatory elements related to diverse functions, most intriguing were the elements related to biotic and abiotic stress which emphasizes the possible involvement of OsRGLP1 in these processes. These findings may suggest that OsRGLP1 gene product may act as FeSOD responsible for dismutation of stress generated reactive oxygen species into H2O2 which in turn may play important roles like defense against pathogen and root elongation.