آہ!مولانا سید ابوالاعلیٰ مودودی
موت وحیات قانون فطرت ہے، جو اس دنیا میں آیاہے اسے ایک دم جانا ضرور ہے، لیکن بعض شخصیتیں ایسی ہوتی ہیں کہ جب وہ اس جہان آب وگل سے رخصت ہوکرعالم آخرت کی طرف پرواز کرتی ہیں توایسا محسوس ہوتاہے کہ قلب و دماغ کی دنیا میں ایک زلزلہ ساآگیاہے اورخرمن ہوش وحواس پربجلی گرپڑتی ہے، اس زلزلہ اورصاعقہ فگنی کااحساس مقید اور محدود نہیں ہوتا بلکہ عالمگیر ہوتاہے اور اس کی شدت اورکرب مشرق ومغرب اورشمال وجنوب میں یکساں محسوس ہوتا ہے، یہی وہ شخصیتیں ہوتی ہیں جن کی وفات پرنطق ربانی کے لفظوں میں زمین وآسمان روتے ہیں اوران کی موت عربی کے اس شعر کامصداق ہوتی ہے:
وماکان قیس ھلکہ ھلک واحد
ولکنہ بنیان قوم تھدما
اس میں کوئی شبہ نہیں ہوسکتا کہ مولانا سید ابوالاعلیٰ مودودی کی وفات ایسی ہی ایک شخصیت کی وفات ہے۔
اب سے ساٹھ اکسٹھ برس پہلے کون کہہ سکتا تھا کہ جس سبزہ آغاز نوجوان نے اپنے والد ماجد کی ناگہانی وفات کے باعث معاشی ضرورت سے مجبور ہوکر اور اپنی تعلیم کوادھورا چھوڑ کر تاج(جبل پور)اورمسلم والجمعیت(دہلی)کی ایڈیٹری کو قبول کیا تھا، وہ ایک روزعالم اسلام کے افق پر آفتاب بن کرچمکنے اور ملت بیضا کی ایک نامور و عظیم تر شخصیت بننے والاہے لیکن موخرٔ الذکر اخبار کی ایڈیٹری (از۱۹۲۵ء تا۱۹۲۸ء)کے زمانہ میں ہی بعض مضامین اور خصوصاً ’’الجہاد فی الاسلام‘‘جواس نوجوان ایڈیٹر کے قلم سے نکلے وہ زبان و بیان اورحقائق و مطالب کے اعتبار سے اس درجہ موثر اورجاذب توجہ تھے کہ غیر منقسم ہندوستان کے ارباب فکر ونظر کی زبان بیساختہ نواسنج تحسین وآفریں ہوگئی اور دوراندیش نگاہوں نے تاڑ لیا کہ جرنلزم کے آسمان پرجو آج ہلال نوبن کر نمودار ہواہے وہ کل علم وتحقیق کے افق پرماہ کامل کی صورت میں جلوہ گر ہوگا۔
جیسا کہ...
The advice is a direct and sincere word, and has a high place in the reform of individuals and nations. It is one of the greatest means of communication and influence through centuries and generations. This word carries the meaning of sincerity, honesty, serenity, openness and purity. The advice is to help the right, obey the command of Allah and the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah, and therefore we find the heavenly vocations are all concerned with the advice of various aspects of the reform of the prophesies to him, And to reform the corrupt nations. Godly advice has the potential to grow your faith and strengthen your relationship with God, but bad advice can ruin things in one move. Some advice is good, noble even. Some is neutral, more of a preferential decision. But some advice is flat out wrong for someone seeking to live a holy life.
Several rhizobial strains were isolated from the root nodules of mung bean (Vigna radiate L.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and lentil (Lens culinaris M.) plants collected from different sites by using YMA medium. Colonies showing prolific growth were streaked on fresh medium and twenty fast growing pure cultures from each host were selected, coded and preserved in 20% glycerol at -20 °C. A series of jar experiments were carried out to screen three most efficient isolates from twenty selected isolates of each rhizobium species (i.e. Rhizobium phaseoli, Mesorhizobium ciceri and Rhizobium leguminosarum) on the basis of their growth promoting potential with maize and wheat seedlings under axenic conditions. Results of the jar experiments revealed that most of the isolates from all the three rhizobium species exhibited growth promoting activities in both the crops except the isolates of R. leguminosarum species in which most of the isolates remained deleterious for maize seedlings. Based upon the data regarding jar experiments, nine isolates (i.e. CRI 28 , CRI 34 , CRI 35 , LSI 21 , LSI 29 , LSI 32 , A 18 , S 6 and S 17 ) screened as the best for maize were found different from the nine best isolates (i.e. CRI 31 , CRI 37 , CRI 38 , LSI 19 , LSI 23 , LSI 30 , N 8 , N 16 and S 43 ) screened for wheat crop clearly indicating the strain-crop specificity. These isolates were used for subsequent pot and field studies. In case of pot experiments, increases up to 47.89% and 30.29% in grain yields of maize and wheat, respectively over un-inoculated control were recorded due to inoculation with the selected rhizobial isolates. Whereas, under field conditions, inoculation with the selected rhizobial isolates resulted in increased plant height (up to26.51%), shoot fresh and dry weight (up to 76.95 and 52.26%), air dried cob yield (up to 64.53%), grain yield (up to 63.37%), 1000-grain weight (up to 28.88%), %K in grains and straw (up to 29.49 and 29.08%), %N in grains and straw (up to 32.06 and 25.45%) and %P in grains and straw (up to 47.37 and 41.57%) of maize compared with un-inoculated control while, in wheat, the selected isolates improved plant height (up to 17.54%), tillers per plant (up to 39.29%), average spike length (up to 45.30%), straw yield (up to 35.15%), grain yield (up to 36.67%), 1000-grain weight (up to 28.52%), %K in grains and straw (up to 46.77 and 17.78%), %N in grains and straw (up to 16.49 and 34.55%) and %P in grains and straw (up to 25.30 and 66.66%) compared with un-inoculated control. Overall, each set of the nine selected isolates promoted the growth and yield of their respective test crop in pots and also proved as effective PGPR in field but their efficacy varied among the species. Characterization of the selected rhizobial isolates of maize and wheat revealed that all the isolates were having more than one mechanism of action. Hence the growth promotion caused by these selected isolates could be a function of multiple mechanisms. Conclusively, it is stated that selected rhizobial strains could be used as PGPR for non-legumes. Moreover, the use of general PGPR strains of Rhizobium spp. could be avoided to a significant extent without knowing the particular information about the compatibility potential of the strains toward specific crop variety, soil and environmental conditions for which it could be used. In other words, strains of Rhizobium spp. recognized for the growth and yield promotion of non- legumes could be used efficiently and effectively only against specific host under specific set of soil and environmental conditions for maximum benefits.