سات حرفوں پر قرآن حکیم کے نازل ہونے کے اسباب اور اس کی حکمتیں

Allah has revealed Holy Quran to guide and transform the lives of human being. According to Hadith, Quran was revealed in seven dialects because it is the name of wisdom. So, seven alphabets have numerous philosophies and benefits embedded in them. In this article introduction of Quran along with literal and figurative meanings have been elaborated. Details of seven alphabets have been explained vividly besides literal and figurative meanings of seven alphabets have been expounded. After that three important axioms of savants have been narrated. Amongst them, Imam Razi’s axiom is cited specially. In the last, modern axiom is given with explanation in a lucid way. A part from that, the logics and reasons behind the revelation of Quran in seven dialects have been deliberated including revelation of Quran in Arabic language, affection of the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) for Ummah, convenience for Muslim Nation, satisfaction for nature, eradication of linguistic bias amongst Arabs, consensus of two commands, narration of two commands of different versions. Abundance of virtues, legitimacy of Qur’an, statures of readers and replicators of readers and others have been mooted exhaustively. In the end, article is summarized in the light of modern era.

Trauma of Holocaust in the Fiction of Saul Bellow

Trauma of Holocaust in the Fiction of Saul Bellow This study attempts to analyze the fictional writings of Saul Bellow, the Jewish American writer in the backdrop of the trauma theory presented by Cathy Caruth. Saul Bellow wrote novels and short stories which are representative of the second generation Jewish immigrants. This study uses the Historical Biographical method of research to show how far Bellow’s fiction represents the Jewish victims of the Holocaust. The focus of the research is Bellovian protagonists Herzog, Leventhal, Fonstein, Mosby and Lustgarten. It also discusses the extent to which these protagonists exhibit their trauma through action, speech and behavior. I have also analyzed how these characters represent their traumatized historicity, haunting flashbacks and the recurring memories of torture and brutal treatment of the Jews that continue to haunt them in contemporary America. The connection between Bellovian fictional characters and the Holocaust testimonies is also tied into the basic theme of the trauma of the Holocaust. In order to establish a link between the fictional account and the factual, a detailed study has been made to analyze the extent to which one supports the other.