Pesantren Virtual: Dinamisasi atau Disrupsi Pesantren?

The industrial revolution that penetrated the world of education forced Islamic boarding schools (Pesantren), as part of education, to mutate in new form to find the ideal format as an adaptive step to keep up to date. Pesantren which have a cultural base of traditional society make various efforts to make acculturation with technology. The efforts of these pesantren can be seen from the number of pesantren websites, which provide information about pesantren and religious programs online. On the other hand, virtual pesantren have also emerged, which do not have a real pesantren institutional base in the community, using online media as an operational base. Some of these virtual Islamic boarding schools have strong buildings in cyberspace, with a wider reach than Islamic boarding schools. Its flexible and open nature makes virtual pesantren have their own community in cyberspace. Furthermore, problems arise when virtual Islamic boarding schools intersect with conventional Pesantren in cyberspace. This research is a library research that uses printed and online media as data sources. This study aims to find differences in the characteristics of virtual pesantren, and their relationship with the dynamics of pesantren in the era 4.0. From the content analysis conducted at several virtual pesantren, it was found that some of them used the same name as real pesantren, thus creating ambiguity of virtual pesantren

Analytical and Numerical Investigation of Two Dimensional Flows With Heat Transfer

This work is devoted to the study of squeezing flow coupled with heat transfer effects between parallel disks for some Newtonian and Non-Newtonian fluids. The effect of magnetic field has been considered to describe the behavior of flow and heat transfer for few models. The radiation effects has also been included. In some problems, the effects of viscous dissipation in the energy equation have also been incorporated. Velocity and temperature slip effects on flows has also been taken into account. Micropolar fluid flow induced by a squeezing motion of disks in the presence of the magnetic field applied in the direction perpendicular to the plane of disks, has also been a part of this dissertation. The governing partial differential equations that governs the flow configurations are converted into a system of highly nonlinear ordinary differential equations through the support of suitable similarity transforms. To obtain the expressions for velocity, temperature and concentration profiles, these have been solved by available techniques in the literature using Variational iteration method (VIM) and HAM package BVPh2.0. The effects of different emerging parameters involved have also been highlighted with the help of graphs for velocity, temperature and concentration.