پاکستان میں جبری شادیوں كے اسباب و محرکات

Before the advent of Islam, a woman was considered as property, with no rights at all. They did not have the right to choose a husband. Islam liberated women and gave them the basic rights. Unfortunately, in Pakistan many parents and legal guardians misinterpret and misuse the guardianship of their children, especially with reference to marriage. They deny some religious rights to their children because of local traditions, customs and taboos. Forcing children to marry against their wishes, does not conform to the Islamic code. Forced marriages are considered illegle in Shariah. Even in the case of marriage of a minor arranged, by a father or a grandfather, the girl has the right to cancal it on reaching Puberty. According to Shariah the boy and the girls has the right to turn to a court for a settlement of the issue.

Factor Behind Participation in Sports Among the Individuals Related to Different Segments of Community

People generally participate in sport without demographic, social, racial or classic discrimination but each person enters the sport with different types of motivating factor behind his/her participation in sport. The motive behind participation in sport of one person may differ from the other on account of the fact that every individual has got different type of mentality, mood, choice, taste and area of interest. These varied constructs of the choice establish motive of a person towards participation in the activity either it is sport or any other undertaking of everyday life. This study was undertaken with the basic objective to determine the motivating factors of the players representing different segments of the community towards their participation in different activities of sport. Main objectives of the study were to separately evaluate viewpoint of the professional and amateur, and male and female players about the relationship between participation in sport and attainment of good health, fitness and recreation. In addition to that, it was also included in the objectives of the study to examine the viewpoint of the respondents about the relationship between participation in sport and development of the social attributes and playing skills among the participants. The researcher put forth some hypotheses to know about the perception of the players about the outcomes of sport activities. Main hypotheses were that opinion of the majority of the players representing different combinations-of-games is the same about the relationship between participation in sport and promotion of health, fitness, getting recreation, promotion of the social attributes, and development of the playing skills among the participants. Data were obtained through a reliable scale developed after reviewing the literature available in printed form and at net. Responses were gathered from the professional and amateur male and female players representing different games. For calculating Mean and T-test, the collected data were put to the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for proper analysis and reaching at some concrete findings. Factors related to the maintenance and promotion of health, personal efficiency, excitement, fun, social interaction and enhanced competence, were some of the main reasons people assigned in connection with their participation in sport. Main findings of the study are a) maintenance and promotion of the health was on top amongst the priorities of the all respondents, b) promotion and enhancement of efficiency of the body as a result of participation in sport was equally endorsed by both categories of the respondents, c) male and female respondents both agree to the role of sport as a means of providing fun & recreation to the participants, d) promotion of the attributes of sociability remained next among the priority order in the findings of the study; and f) skill-development was endorsed by the respondents but least agreement was noted about relationship between participation in sport and development of the skill-development.