فکرِ اقبال کے مطالعے کا ممتاز مرتبہ اس انداز سے قابلِ تحسین ہے کہ مقتدر دانشوروں نے ہر دور میں اسے موضوعِ اظہار بنایا ہے۔اس سے واضح ہوتا ہے کہ اقبال کے فکر و فلسفہ نے سماج کو متاثر بھی کیا ہے اور اس کی دوسری کوئی مثال مشکل سے ہی سامنے آتی ہے۔اقبال نے خود بھی دانش و بینش کی منہاج قائم کرنے میں گراں قدر صلاحیتیں صرف کی ہیں۔ان سے بہ قدرِ ظرف فیض کا حصول اہلِ نظر کے لیے ناگزیر ثابت ہوا ہے۔عہدِ اقبال سے تاحال کے صاحبانِ فکر و نظر کی فہرست پر نگاہ ڈالیں تو یہ حقیقت روشن تر دکھائی دے گی کہ اقبال سے الفت اور اقبالیات سے شغف کے بغیر عرفانِ نظر کا حصول ممکن نہیں۔چشمِ بصیرت کا یہ فہم و ادراک سہل نہیں ہے۔اقبال کے ممکنات کی دنیا دعوتِ فکر کی دستک سے دلوں کو مرغوب بھی کرتی ہے اور تحقیق و تنقید کی ترغیب بھی دیتی ہے۔اس طرح ہم یہ کہنے میں حق بجانب ہیں کہ ہمارے ذکر و فکر کی پہچان ہی اقبال سے ہے۔
اقبال شناسوں کے گراں قدر قبیلے میں سید مظفر حسین برنی کا نام بہت اہمیت رکھتا ہے۔ آپ نے اقبال کے خطو ط کو چار جلدوں میں تاریخی ترتیب دے کر محفوظ کیا۔آپ ہندوستان میں اعلیٰ ترین سرکاری عہدوں پر فائز رہے۔ذمہ داریوں کی شدید مصروفیات کے باوجود اقبال سے شغف قائم رہا۔اقبال کے خطوط کا مطالعہ حیرت کی دنیا میں لے جاتا ہے۔موضوعات کی فراوانی علم و ادب اور فکر و فلسفہ کی مستند دستاویز بن کر سامنے آتی ہے۔اقبال کے خطوط نغمۂ نو بہار کی طرح نشاط انگیز بھی ہیں اور قلب و نظر کے لیے سوز و اضطراب کا سرچشمہ بھی۔سید مظفر حسین برنی نے اقبال کے خطوط مرتب کیے تو ماہرین نے مختلف قسم کی رائیں دیں۔آپ کی...
Heart failure (HF) is a chronic illness with high prevalence and mortality, leading toeconomic burden ofhealth due to prolonged hospital stay and re-admissions. Failure to comprehend the importance of identifying mental illnesses could lead to explanations that why the morbidity and mortality of heart failure patients endure to be very high. Objective: To determine the frequency of anxiety and depression in heart failure patients. Methods: It is a descriptive cross sectional study including 323 CHF patients admitted to the Faisalabad Institute of Cardiology hospital, 250 were males and 73 were females, mean age was 54.1 ± 9.2 years having 70 years as maximum and 25 years as minimum. Data was collected with the help of HADS questionnaire. Patients were interviewed for assessment of anxiety and depression. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 24. Mean and standard deviation was calculated for quantitative data and for qualitative data frequency and percentageswas calculated. To measure the association of anxiety and depression with age categories and gender, chi square test was used. P values less than and equal to 0.05 were taken as significant. Results: The results showed that 43% subjects had <11 score indicating no anxiety, 57% had >11score indicating anxiety. 45% subjects had<11 score indicating no depression, 55% had >11score indicating depression. Conclusions: The study concluded that frequency of depression and anxiety is high in congestive heart failure patients. Strategies are required to assess and diagnose these mental illnesses to establish early treatment which may foster multidisciplinary health care team approach and interventions that address the psychological burden.
Novel is considered to be one of the most famous genres of Urdu literature. These genres come from West, got popularity and rapidly made progress. Due to comprehensiveness of topics and diversity in styles in the twentieth century, many aspects of thought and art emerged and surfaced. Urdu novel has a vast canvas. It deals with all aspects of life like political, social, psychological, romantic and historical. It also discusses the individual aswell as social aspect of life. In short nothing is outside the ambit of this genre. Amongst all these aspects, the most important is historical aspect. History is the most precious asset of any nation. In a novel, the importance of characters can''t be underestimated but the importance of a hero is so much conspicuous that he stands prominent like a moon amongst the stars or like a pearl in the heap of stones. Hero is the central character of any novel but in historical novels, his importance becomes manifold. Along the historical events, the presentation of historical characters is also very important. No one can deny the importance of secondary and flat characters, but the importance of a hero is worth-maintaining. Different treaties on the topics of novel-writing, its art and different styles have written in University of this genre have helped illuminate deferent hidden aspects. However, the role of a hero in historical novels, his merits and demerits, judging and evaluating different aspects of his personality also constitutes important topics. But in the historical novels of Urdu , on the topics of the role of hero, his critical and competence , evolution, no worth-maintaining research has been made, so for on this topic no thorough, comprehensive, in-depth research has been carried out. Realizing this lack of research on this topic, I decided to choose this topic. It is also a fact that important personalities attached to historical events are later on presented in stories. While casting them in stories, this work is to be done with great insight and care. That is the reason that as compared with other heroes of the novels, for the making of a hero of a historical novel, all capabilities and abilities are to be collected and mustered.