درد ملے تو رَنج ہی کیا ہے
درد بھی دل کی ایک دوا ہے
جس نے مجھ کو درد دیا ہے
اُس نے تو احسان کیا ہے
اُس کو جب تک دیکھ نہ لوں میں
دل کو سُکون کہاں ملتا ہے
رات گزرنے والی ہے جی
دل کا غبار نہیں نکلا ہے
دل کا برتن جب سے ٹُوٹا
پانی آنکھ میں بھر رکھّا ہے
میں کب تک مدہوش رہوں گا
اُن آنکھوں سے جام پیا ہے
سارے تارے دیکھ رہے ہیں
چندا مجھ کو گھُور رہا ہے
کتنے لوگ تھے دل میں صاحب!
اب تو دل ویران پڑا ہے
یادوں کی بارِش میں صادقؔ
کب سے بیٹھا بھیگ رہا ہے
The study aims to analyze impact of Lady Health Worker program on use of maternal health services in community with a lady health worker. The main focus was the rural districts of Sindh for this case study. The maternal health service is determined by at least four Antenatal care (ANC) visits provided to mother and receipt of at least two Tetanus Toxoid (TT) injections to mother during pregnancy. These have direct impact on maternal mortality rate and infant mortality rate. Secondary data pertaining to all districts of Sind for three years (2017-2019) was collected from the Sindh Lady Health Worker program office Hyderabad for analysis purpose. Further secondary data of Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (2017-18) was also used to see the impact of intervention of LHW program implemented by Ministry of Health Pakistan in 1994 and then devolved to provinces after the implementation of 18th Constitutional Amendment in 2010. The study found that the services provided by the lady health workers in communities in these districts has positively influenced the uptake of maternal health services as determined by the variables like antenatal visits by pregnant mothers to nearest health facilities and receipt of Tetanus Toxoid injection during pregnancy.
Effect of Family Control on Firm Value and Financial Performance (Evidence From Non-Financial Sector of Pakistan) This study is conducted to analyze the relationship of Ownership Structure with Firm Performance in non-
financial companies listed at Karachi Stock Exchange during the period 2008 to 2013. The basic focus in this
study was related to the performance of family firms as compared to non-family firms. The distinction between
both types have been explained in literature review with the help of definitions given by different authors and
scholars. Keeping in view the research aims and objectives the researcher has taken non-financial sector of
Pakistan as population/ unit of analysis.
Afterward, the researcher has adopted simple random sampling technique in accordance to research
requirements and extracted a sample of 120 firms for analysis purpose. All these firms are listed on Karachi
Stock Exchange (KSE). Tobin's Q, ROA and ROE have been used as a proxy variable to explore the firm value and
firm's financial performance. The researcher has incorporated 8 independent variables i.e. firm type (family/
non-family), ownership concentration, founder/ descendent firm, age, size, growth, leverage, and interest
coverage ratio. Sophisticated data analysis techniques such as descriptive, correlational, panel data regression
analysis have been used. Panel Data technique has also been employed to identify the significant relationships
among the variables. Results showed that Family firms are negatively correlated and Non-Family firms gives
better performance. Whereas Concentrated Ownership has shown significant relationship but negative
correlation with proxy variables (ROA = -0.1627; ROE = -0.0381; Tobin's Q = -0.0938). On the basis of results
obtained through data analysis it is concluded that Firm Performance critically depends on Managerial
Ownership.
Panel data analysis has shown that firm leverage and size has no relationship with proxy variables while
remaining independent variables have significant relationship with performance variables. Agency problems
arise due to increase in Managerial Shareholdings in Pakistani context, which ultimately affects the
performance of the firms.