مولوی محمد شفیع
افسوس ہے کہ گذشتہ مہینہ پاکستان کے نامور فاضل مولوی محمد شفیع صاحب سابق پرنسپل اورینٹل کالج لاہور نے انتقال کیا، ان کی وفات علمی دنیا کا بڑا حادثہ ہے، وہ ہندو پاک کے نامور فضلاء و محققین میں تھے، انگریزی کے ساتھ عربی و فارسی کے بھی ماہر تھے، ان کا علمی پایہ بہت بلند تھا، ان کے علمی و تحقیقی کارنامے بڑے متنوع ہیں، بہت سے فاضلانہ علمی مقالات کے علاوہ انھوں نے عربی و فارسی کی متعدد اہم اور نادر کتابوں کو تصحیح و تحشیہ کے ساتھ مرتب کرکے شائع کیا، اپنی پرنسپلی کے زمانہ میں علمی حیثیت سے اورینٹل کالج میگزین کا معیار بہت بلند اور اپنے تلامذہ میں سنجیدہ علمی تلاش و تحقیق کا ایک عام ذوق پیدا کردیا تھا، چنانچہ لاہور کے موجودہ فضلاء اور محققین میں بیشتر انہی کے تربیت یافتہ ہیں، ادھر چند سال سے لاہور یونیورسٹی اردو انسائیکلوپیڈیا کی تالیف و اشاعت کا کام ان کی نگرانی میں شروع ہوا تھا، اور اس کے بعض اجزا شائع بھی ہوئے لیکن ابھی یہ کام ابتدائی منزل میں ہے، اس قحط الرجال کے زمانہ میں علمی ذوق و طلب میں ان کی ذات علمائے سلف کا نمونہ تھی اﷲ تعالیٰ اس شیدائے علم کو رحمت و مغفرت سے سرفراز فرمائے۔ (شاہ معین الدین ندوی، اپریل ۱۹۶۳ء)
Money and its Compensation: An Analysis with Respect to Capitalism and Islamic Economic System In trade and commerce, money has remained the backbone of the business and trade. From the beginning to the end, money is an indispensable part of every economic activity. For this importance, money is treated as a factor of production. But the question is what is meant by money and whether the value of money can be recognized as a land, house, shop, car, bungalow and merchandise goods? And then what is the status if it is in the form of interest and it is linked to inflation? The research article underlines the key aspect regarding money and its compensation in the perspective of capitalistic and Islamic economic system. The qualitative and analytical approach was applied in this article. A literature review concluded that time value of money in capitalistic economy is unlimited while the Islamic economic system does not recognize its value in form of interest and with the association of inflation rate. It is recommended that business to be done on a profit and loss basis, rather than on debt and interest and instead of linking money to the inflation rate, alternatives should be proposed, for example if a person wants to take the loan, he should be given what he needs on cost plus profit basis.
The study was conducted to find out the impact of teachers’ associations on quality of education, at secondary level in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The main objectives of the study were to find the current nature and status of teachers association, to investigate the flaws and drawbacks of current teachers’ associations, to formulate a strategy for keeping away teachers from practical politics and to create a true trade union spirit. The population of the study consisted of all the principal, teachers, association members and students at secondary level in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Targeted population was taken from five districts namely Abbotabad, Kohat, Mardan, Peshawar and Swat. The sample of the study consisted of 100 principals, 500 teachers, 100 association members and 500 students at secondary level. The primary Data was collected with the help of Questionnaires while the secondary Data was based on the study of relevant documents, books, thesis, journals, articles and review of related literature. The findings based on the statistical evidences indicated that Teachers’ Associations work for the rights of teachers, solve many problems of teachers, work for increase in salary and struggle for educational reforms. However most of them are supported by political parties for their own interest. This research proved that these Teachers’ Associations can successfully influence educational policies, educational budget, educational facilities and educational curriculum. They should solve the problems of teachers equally for the betterment of education system and for the development of society.