مولانا سیدابوالحسن علی ندوی
داعی الیٰ اﷲ کی وفات
افسوس اور سخت افسوس ہے کہ محفلِ دوشیں کا وہ چراغ سحر جو پچھلے برس ہی سے ضعف و مرض کے جھونکوں سے بجھ بجھ کر سنبھل جاتا تھا بالآخر ہمیشہ کے لیے بجھ گیا۔ یعنی اس دور کے بہت مقبول و مقدس بزرگ، دنیائے اسلام کے محبوب و محترم عالم، عرب و عجم کی سرمایہ افتخار و نازش ذات، شرق و غرب کی موقر و مکرم ہستی، ہر فرقہ و مذہب کے معزز و معتمد شخص، انسانیت کے پیام رساں اور علمبردار، مسلمانوں کے راہبر و رہنما، دین و مذہب کے عاشق و شیدائی، اسلام کے داعی و نقیب، ایمان و یقین کے حامل و مبلغ، عزیمت و جہاد کے پیکر، خانہ کعبہ کے کلید بردار، ہندوستان میں سرمایہ ملت کے نگہبان، ندوۃ العلماء کے ناظم، دارالمصنفین کے روح رواں، مسلم پرسنل لابورڈ اور دینی تعلیمی کونسل کے صدر، رابطہ عالمِ اسلامی اور مدینہ یونیورسٹی کے تاسیسی رکن، رابطہ ادب اسلامی کے بانی و صدر اسلامی سینٹر آکسفورڈ یونیورسٹی کے چیرمین اور ہندو بیرونِ ہند کے مختلف اداروں اور انجمنوں کے سربراہوں اور سرپرست حضرت مولانا سیدابوالحسن علی ندوی نے ۲۲؍ رمضان المبارک ۱۴۲۰ھ، ۳۱؍ دسمبر ۱۹۹۹ء کو اس سرائے فانی کو الوداع کہا، انا ﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون، اور اپنے لاکھوں عقیدت مندوں، قدردانوں، رفیقوں اور عزیزوں کو غم زدہ اور سوگوار چھوڑ کر زبان حال سے یہ کہتے ہوئے موت کی آغوش میں چلے گئے۔
اضا عونی وای فتی اضا عوا
لیوم کریھۃ و سدا و ثغر
بیسویں صدی کے اختتام سے ایک برس پہلے جب شمسی سال کے ختم ہونے میں ایک دن رہ گیا تھا تو یہ المناک اور دل دوز خبر بجلی بن کر گری۔
نعی الرکب اوفی حین آیت رکا بھم
لعمری لقد جاؤ ابشر فاوجعوا
نعواباسق الا فعال لایخلفونہ
تکاد...
Congenital Heart Defect (CHD) is a multifactorial disorder based on both genetic and environmental factors involved in development. The basic problem lies in the structure of heart leading to CHD that occurs in walls, valves, arteries and veins of heart. During cell cycle, the gene that controls this process may mutate, causing disturbance in any portion of heart leading to disturbed blood flow, blood flow in wrong direction or complete blockage. Defect may range from simple with no manifestations to complex with severe symptoms. Simple defects need no treatment while some babies with complex birth defects during birth require special care, vaccination, medication or otherwise treated with surgery. The incidence of CHD has declined from 80 to 20% due to progress in heart surgery techniques, medical treatment and interventional cardiology. Various genetic and non-genetic increase the susceptibility for CHD. The diagnosis and treatment of CHD has greatly improved in recent years. Almost all the children with CHD survive to adulthood and spend healthy and active lives after being treated.
Presently many chemicals have been identified that produce ethylene in the air of soil. Calcium carbide (CaC 2 ) is one of them and is being considered well known source of ethylene (C 2 H 4 ). The C 2 H 4 released from CaC 2 is not thoroughly investigated particularly for production of vegetables with improved quality. Laboratory, pot and field studies were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of calcium carbide on tomato seed germination, growth, yield, photosynthesis and quality parameters. The first experiment was conducted under laboratory conditions to assess the best rate of calcium carbide for seed germination, root and shoot growth rate of five different tomato cultivars. It was found that application of CaC 2 @ 15 mg per Petri plate was the best among all rates that improved seed germination, root and shoot growth. Tomato cultivars performed better were selected for the next experiment. The three selected cultivars were grown in compost medium containing three different rates of calcium carbide with different five coatings in growth room under controlled conditions. Results showed that CaC 2 at the rate of 200 mg cup -1 with polyethylene, paint and paraffin coatings performed relatively better. In the 3rd experiment best selected calcium carbide based formulations in three different rates were further compared in the presence of recommended fertilizers in a pot study. Thus comparison included their effect on tomato growth, yield, photosynthetic activity and quality parameters. Data on plant height, number of flower per plant and proportion to fruit drop, yield of tomato fruit, root and shoot dry weight, and nitrogen uptake clearly showed positive effect of CaC 2 in the presence of fertilizer on all stages of growth of tomato compared to control (fertilizer only). One further pot experiment was conducted to know the best rate and time of application of formulated calcium carbide in the presence of recommended fertilizer. Results obtained were compared with those obtained from control treatment (containing fertilizer only). It is evident from the results that CaC 2 applied 2 weeks after transplanting performed better among all rates and times of application in improving almost all growth and yield parameters of tomato. Based upon the results from laboratory and pot trials, field experiment was conducted to verify the results obtained from previous experiments. In this field experiment, effect of different rates of coated CaC 2 was investigated on two best performing cultivars selected from previous experiment. The results showed that application of CaC 2 at the rate of 200 mg plant -1 not only improved growth and yield parameters of both tomato cultivars but also enhanced N uptake by different plant parts and improved nitrogen use efficiency. Overall results suggest that addition of calcium carbide along with recommended doses of fertilizers improved fruit yield more than 40 % by improving yield contributing parameters and N use efficiency. Furthermore, quality parameters related to physical appearance and chemical composition of tomato fruits were also improved by the application of CaC 2. These parameters are very much required for improvement in shelf life and processing of tomato products. In the nutshell, results confirm the growth regulator role of CaC 2 in improving the growth, yield and quality of tomato.