ندیم صادق کا پہلا شعری مجموعہ
میں ندیم صادق صاحب سے حال ہی میں متعارف ہوا ہوں۔مجھے ان کے پہلے مجموعہ کلام کا مسودہ دیکھنے کا موقع ملا ہے۔ یہ میرے لیے ایک بہت خوش گوارتجربہ تھا۔ میرے لیے دل چسپی کی خاص بات یہ ہے کہ حصہ غزل کی تمام غزلیںناصر کاظمی کی’’ پہلی بارش‘‘کی طرح ایک ہی زمین میں ہیں۔ ان کی بحر بھی وہی ہے اور قافیہ بھی، ردیف البتہ مختلف ہے۔ شاعر نے کئی اشعار میں بھی ناصر سے اپنے لگائو کا اظہار کیا ہے۔ یہ کلاسیکی روایت سے متاثر اور وابستہ شاعر کا کلام ہے۔ کتاب کا عنوان میر کے شعر سے اخذ کیا گیا ہے اور انتساب ناصر کاظمی کے نام ہے۔
ایک ہی زمین میں اتنی غزلیں کہہ لیناکوئی آسان کام نہیں۔شاعر اس کے لیے خصوصی داد کا مستحق ہے۔ پہلی غزل حمدیہ ہے اس کے بعد اکیس غزلیں دو انسانوں کے ملنے بچھڑنے اور ان کے تعلق کے مختلف پہلوئوں کا بیان ہیں۔ چند اشعار دیکھیے:
یاد کے بوٹے سوکھ نہ جائیں
دل دریا پانی دیتا ہے
وہ تجھ کو کیوں یاد کرے گا
صادق وہ مصروف بڑا ہے
ساری گلیاں گھوم چکا ہوں
تیری گلی سے ڈر لگتا ہے
شہر کی سڑکیں تو ٹھنڈی ہیں
لیکن میرا دل جلتا ہے
دل میں کیسا خوف بھرا ہے
پھول کھلے تو ڈر لگتا ہے
اب دل تنہا خوش رہتا ہے
میں نے خود کو بدل لیا ہے
صادق فون نہ کر تُو اس کو
وہ تجھ سے بیزار ہوا ہے
میں ندیم صادق کو اس مجموعے کی اشاعت پرتہ دل سے مبارک باد دیتا ہوں اس دعا کے ساتھ یہ قارئین میںپذیرائی حاصل کرے۔
باصر سلطان کاظمی
This article dealt with the description of services of Hażrat ‘Āyeshah (R. A) in the field of principles of derivation of legal rules from the legal texts of the Holy Quran and prophetic traditions, which is the second part of the series, in first part Quran was focused in this regard while in this article other sources of Islamic law as Prophetic tradition etc. Have been discussed and their applications in the juristic approach of Hażrat ‘Āyeshah, likewise, Qiyās is a method that uses analogy/ comparison to derive Islamic legal rulings for new developments due to importance and the need of society. Umm Al-Momineen Hażrat ‘Āyeshah (R. A) used to derive a ruling for new situations that are not addressed by Qur’an and Sunnah. Istiḥsān is the fourth principle of derivation of Aḥkām. Likewise, other sources considered by her including Istiḥsān, Istisḥāb, ‘Urf as principle of derivation of Aḥkām. ‘Urf is an Arabic Islamic term referring to the custom or knowledge of a given society. Furthermore, the method adopted for research is deductive. The study found that Hażrat ‘Āyeshah applied the said sources in her process of derivation of legal rules of Islam, which were followed by Muslim jurists in this regard, So it is recommended that student of Islamic Law should study efforts of the companion of Prophet peace be upon him and their principles in the field.
Nanostructures/(CuTl)0.5Ba2Can-1CunO(2n+4)–δ, {CuTl-12(n-1)n}; n = 3, 4} superconducting composites were synthesized by solid-state reaction (SSR) technique and their superconducting behavior was examined by different available experimental techniques. Anti-ferromagnetic chromium (Cr) nanoparticles (NPs), ferromagnetic cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni) NPs, non-magnetic zinc (Zn) NPs and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) of different wt. % have been inserted in CuTl-12(n-1)n; n = 3, 4 superconducting matrices and their effects on the structure, morphology and composition was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. The transport properties and magnetic field response were explored by restivity versus temperature (RT) measurements with the help of four point probe method and ac-susceptibility (χac) measurements, respectively. The experimental data was further analyzed theoretically by different models such as Aslamazov-larkin (AL), Lawrence-Donaich (LD) and Maki-Thompson(MT) models. It has been observed that the inclusion of different nanostructures (NS) in polycrystalline CuTl-12(n-1)n; n= 3, 4 superconducting matrices do not change their tetragonal structure and stichoimetry. Increasing concentrations of magnetic NPs (Cr, Co,Ni) additions in host CuTl-12(n-1)n}; n= 3, 4 superconducting matrices reduce the diamagnetic strength and superconducting volume fraction and cause suppression in characteristic superconducting parameters. The suppression of superconducting parameters after addition of these magnetic NPs can be accredited to spin scattering of carriers due to net magnetic moment, which tend to remain align in particular blocked state and oxygen disorder in superconducting regions. Non-magnetic Zn and CNTs also diminish superconductivity because of enhanced carrier scattering cross section at inter-crystallite sites. Theoretical fluctuation induced conductivity (FIC) analysis confirm the suppression of superconducting characteristic parameters by these NS inclusions in CuTl-12(n-1)n}; n= 3, 4 superconducting matrices. Decrease in coherence length (ξ), increase in penetration depth (λp.d) and shifting of 3D regions towards lower temperature values illustrate the increased insulation at grain-boundaries and decrease in optimum charge carriesr density after addition of these NS in CuTl-12(n-1)n}; n= 3, 4 superconducting matrices