Critical Study of Moral Teachings of Islam and Buddhism for Promotion of Global Peace

All ancient and contemporary religions of the world like Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity, Jainism and Islam emphasizes and attempts to uphold the highest moral and ethical values in human society in order to produce discipline and good will. Some of the religions strictly command for proper observance and submission to the laws and cannons", whereas the other religions do not stipulate strict allegiance to its principals, yet they nourish and treat human emotions and direct them for the general good of the society. On the whole, all religions aim at moral and ethical uplift of human beings, to install positivity in them and imbues the spirit of sacrifice, equality, affection, brotherhood and justice in mankind. Thus, these all facts testify that all religions, with some differences of pattern, propagate the message of love, Peace, equality, brotherhood, justice, Harmony and equity in the material age and greed-ridden epoch where individual profits and benefit overwhelm collective cause and general welfare of mankind. What we have done here in this paper is not to establish that one religion is better than the other but to demonstrate that almost all world religions stand for love, peace and harmony. There is no doubt, that all religions preach and advocate positive harmony among human beings but the message of Holy Prophet (SAW) is the only example who gave practical aspect of these theories. However, this paper elaborates this reality by a detailed comparison of Islam and Buddhism.

Microorganisms Causing Urinary Tract Infection Uti &Amp; Their Susceptibility Among Children Aged 0 to 5 Years at French Medical Institute for Children, Kabul Afghanistan

Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the common medical problem affecting children that lead to frequent clinic visit and hospitalization. Undiagnosed, untreated UTI may lead to renal scoring, hypertension and end stage renal disease, early detection and treatment of UTI in children must be prompt. Objective: To isolate the causative organisms causing UTI among children of 0-5 years of age and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated microorganisms. Methodology: Clinical data and outcome were prospectively analyzed for 140 patients with confirmed diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) based on urine culture and sensitivity report. The data collected from June to August 2015 and the study done on Afghan children who were aged between 0 to 5 years included data of outpatients and admitted patients came to clinic at FMIC Kabul Afghanistan. Results: A total of one hundred and forty (n=140) children aged 0 to 5 years with UTI were included in this study. Out of 140 patients, 94 (67.14%) were female, while 46 (32.82%) were male. Escherichia coli (E.coli) were the most common isolated uropathogen. out of 89 cases of E.coi; 62.14 % cases showed their highest sensitivity to Augmentin, Aminoglycosides and third generation cephalosporin while, 37.86% exhibited their extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) properties which, showed their highest sensitivity to Amikacine, Fosfomycine and Imipenem. The second common uropathogen was Klebsiella pneumonia 7.86% followed by Serratia odorifera 7.14%, Enterococcus 5.71%, Proteus 6.46% and others 9.29%. Conclusion: Culture conformation and proper treatment of the organisms causing UTI in children is the key to success. E.coli is the leading uropathogen which showed its highest 7 sensitivity to Augmentin, Amino glycosides and third generation cephalosporin which are still the most suitable agents for empiric therapy in pediatric UTI. At the hospital setting, E-coli and Klebsiella pneumonia were the organisms that exhibited extended spectrum Beta- lactamase (ESBL) properties which revealed that, resistance to commonly used antibiotics is on the rise. The treatment recommendations of community acquired uropathogen should be based on individual urine culture conformation and sensitivity result.