تکملہ فتح الملہم میں متون احادیث کی لغوی تحقیق و مباحث

The discipline of Hadith Studies is one of the richest and exclusive disciplines of knowledge as its branches extend to hundred. The religious scholars had written thousands monographs concerning Hadith interpretations and explana-tions. Many voluminous works appeared and exist and each of them is a commendable contribution to Hadith explanations. One of significant works on Hadith explanations is “Takmila Fath al-Mulhim” that is the result of scholastic efforts of many years by Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani. This explanation of Hadith Book Muslim was originated and finished till the “section of Marriage” by Allama Shabbir Ahmad Usmani but he could not extend to it to the last chapter due to his political engagements and later his demise closed the chapter. Molana Muhammad Taqi Usmani completed the remaining works in 18 years & 9 months. His method of interpretation is to decipher complicated, manifold and exotic words at first as the words plays key role in authentication and validity of any connotation. He provides detailed information regarding literal and lexical meaning of a word and then with proper justification and reasoning, he gives preference to someone. He also narrates variation and diversity of meaning attached to any word and proves his standpoint about meanings with allied arguments. This article analyses his method with examples and implications.

Housing Demand in Urban Areas of Pakistan

This dissertation focuses on exploring the determinants of the housing demand in the urban areas of Pakistan. It also delves into the impact of different income groups on the housing demand. The hedonic price model was used for the estimation of analysis. The data pertaining to 14 Pakistani urban areas was borrowed from Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement (PSLM) survey 2004-05 and 2010-11, respectively. Overall, two models were used in the analysis. The first one was to estimate the Hedonic rent model that helped in finding out that in high-income group households the rent was greater than the middle-income group households, which was increased in 2004-05 and decreased in 2010-11. The study was applied on lower income groups as well. Affordability has same effect on low and middle-income groups, but for high-income group it turned out to be positive yet the value of coefficient remained on the lower side. This comparison helps in designing appropriate policies in accordance with the current state of housing market. It was found that different factors contributed differently wards housing demand whereas the economic cycles were contrast during both periods of the study. Furthermore, this study provides a policy framework for addressing the factors related to housing demand. In order to control the selectivity bias between the tenure choice and the quantity of housing services demanded, Heckman‟s two-step selection procedure was used. The Probit model was opted for calculating the margins for the probability of a house‟s ownership. Permanent and Transitory incomes were estimated based on the permanent income hypothesis. Another aspect, uncommonly found in studies from developing countries including Pakistan, was separately determining the effects of permanent and more importantly transitory income on housing demand. The aggregate analysis underlined that income, house price, affordability; demographic factors such as age of the head of household, education, household size, number of earners and marital status are the key factors in determining the housing demand in Pakistan.