عالمى معاشى افكار اور اسلامى معاشى فكر

This article aims to present a concise overview regarding global economic ideas and its historical development with brief evaluation of capitalism and communism as well as question of laissez-faire and concept of ownership in relation to Islamic economic thought. What are the rudiments, fundamentals and historical sketch of these systems? Measuring them analytically vis-à-vis their comparative examination has been taken into account to visit the characteristics of prevailing as well as outdated and nonoperational economic systems. As capitalism emphasis on eagerness to find wealth where billionaires are about to getting more and more ignoring various other ethical perspectives and paying no attention to the poor classes of society. Communism claiming equality remained also not compatible to sustain around the globe as a balanced and stable system. At the end this article predicts that other than Islamic economic thought no system may fulfill the natural need of global economy and it also recommends that Islamic Scholars have to present an alternative full-fledged practical model for economics.

Fuzzy Fractional Differential Equations

The concept of fuzzy fractional differential equation (FFDE) was introduced by Agar- wal, Lakshmikantham and Nieto [1]. We develop this concept of fuzzy fractional dif- ferential equation and obtain some results about existence and uniqueness of solution of FFDE. In the second chapter we recall some basic knowledge of fuzzy calculus and frac- tional calculus. In third chapter we introduce the concept of Riemann-Liouville integral and Riemann-Liouville derivative for fuzzy functions. Fuzzy derivative is consider in the Seikkala sense. Moreover we give the new results about the properties of fuzzy frac- tional integral and fuzzy fractional derivative. Further, we study the existence and uniqueness of the solution for a class of fractional differential equation with fuzzy ini- tial value. The fractional derivatives are considered in the Riemann-Liouville sense. In fourth chapter we establish that fuzzy fractional differential equation is equiv- alent to the fuzzy integral equation and using this equivalence we prove the existence and uniqueness of solution of fuzzy fractional differential equation. Fuzzy derivative is considered in the Goetschel-Voxman sense. Also the applications of the existence and uniqueness theorem has been given. In fifth chapter we present results regarding the existence of the solutions of fuzzy fractional integral equations (FFIE). We prove the existence of the solutions of FFIE under compactness type conditions using the Hausdorff measure of noncompactness. Also we prove an existence result without using noncompactness measure. For this we use a variant of the Schauder fixed point theorem in fuzzy metric space.