تکفیری جماعت داعش: افکارو اثرات: تجزیاتی مطالعہ

Since the past few years, muslims all over the world are being brutally accused of severe extremism. Many muslims now a days condemn terrorism and extremism and are not willing to connect these terms with the religion Islam. However there are a few who are in favour of these things. Terrorism is basically caused by a number of different acts of brutality. Its actually a chain reaction caused by the conspiracies against Islam, double standards of different super powers and injustice to the convicted and oppressed. Killings of the innocent and unarmed in the name of aggression is some thing which is totally against the Islamic teachings. Things become more complicated and dangerous when such acts of vandalism are done in the name of religion. Although many goals of ISIS are Islam based, however these very goals are achieved through non-Islamic ways. They feel no shame and go against all the ethics and moral values to reach their goals. Hence causing much more damage to their own muslim fellows. Even the cemetries are no more safe. They kill their opponents in the worst possible way and disrespect the dead bodies by kicking and hanging them to the trees. If this situation persists, it is inevitable that ISIS might replace the Halaku Khan and Genghiz Khan is brutality.

Investigating the Effects of Text Simplification to Speed Up Justice in Pakistan

This study focuses on the simplification of the Pakistani legal text in both academic and occupational contexts to make the justice speedy. The comparative analysis of effectiveness of original and simplified versions of the legal texts in Pakistan is systematically analyzed and followed with recommendations. The purpose of this study is to suggest Plain English Language Movement in academic and legal professional settings to make the justice speedy. The aim of this study is to measure the linguistic adequacy of stake holders concerning the comprehension level and required time of comprehending statutes and extracts from judicial judgments in original and simplified versions so that the problems regarding the complexity of legal language and consequently recommendations be given to improve comprehension and to save time. I designed an exploratory study focusing on an experiment by describing the perceptions of law professionals and making comparisons in complex and simplified law language. It is a comparative study in nature, and at the same time it is experimental based on particular methodology and philosophy. In this regard, mixed method approach is taken into account to communicate the data. Purposive sampling was used to gather the data by employing survey questionnaires and tests (1 & 2). To measure the comprehension level and time spent, tests (1 & 2) were conducted among the law students, while two sets of questionnaires were distributed among two population groups; law teachers and lawyers. The data regarding tests and closed ended items of the questionnaires were quantitatively analyzed by using SPSS 15.0 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences), while open ended items of the questionnaires were qualitatively analyzed through identifying common themes and reviewing responses. The findings exhibited clearly the effectiveness of the simplified versions and complexity of original versions of the legal texts. This is evident that original legal texts due to its complex nature make a receding effect on the readers’ comprehension. The findings also make clear that the simplified versions of the legal texts can prove beneficial in academic and professional legal settings as it is widely supported and approved by the members of the legal discourse community. Considering the findings of this study, Plain English Movement in Pakistani academic and professional legal settings has been recommended. The findings also highlight the potential areas for further research in the field of language and law with reference to speedy justice.