ڈاکٹر سید محمود
افسوس ہے کہ ملک و ملت کی وہ شمع جو ایک عرصہ سے جھلملا رہی تھی، ہمیشہ کے لیے خاموش ہوگئی اور ڈاکٹر سید محمود صاحب نے ۲۸؍ ستمبر کی صبح کو اس جہاں فانی کو الوداع کہا، ڈاکٹر صاحب جیسی جامع اوصاف شخصیتیں کم پیدا ہوتی ہیں، ان میں مذہب و سیاست، علم و فن اور تہذیب و شرافت کا نہایت متناسب اجتماع تھا، شرافت اور وضعداری کا تو مجسم پیکر تھے، آخر کے چند برسوں کو چھوڑ کر جب وہ بالکل معذور ہوگئے تھے، ان کی پوری زندگی ملک و وطن اور قوم وملت کی خدمت میں گزری، وہ ابتدا سے کانگریسی اور پنڈت جواہر لال نہرو کے پرانے رفیق تھے، ان دونوں کے تعلقات اتنے عزیزانہ تھے کہ ڈاکٹر صاحب پنڈت جی کے گھر کے ایک فرد سمجھے جاتے تھے، جنگ آزادی میں ان کے دوش بدوش حصہ لیا، اور ان کے ساتھ قید و بند کی مصیبتیں جھیلیں، آزادی کے بعد صوبہ بہار کے راجیہ سبھا کے ممبر تھے، پھر مرکزی حکومت میں وزیر مملکت برائے امور خارجہ ہوئے، چند سال پہلے تک راجیہ سبھا کے ممبر تھے پھر اپنی معذوریوں کی وجہ سے اس سے بھی الگ ہوگئے تھے ان کا آخری کارنامہ مجلس مشاورت کا قیام ہے، اس کو انھوں نے ہندو مسلم اتحاد، ان دونوں کے درمیان غلط فہمیوں کے ازالہ اور ملک و ملت کی مشترک خدمت کے لیے قائم کیا تھا، اور ابتدا میں بڑی سرگرمی سے اس کے کاموں میں حصہ لیا، اور ضعف پیری کے باوجود ملک کے مختلف حصوں کا دورہ کیا جس کا ملک کی فضا پر بہت اچھا اثر پڑا، لیکن پھر مجلس مشاورت کی پالیسی میں بعض ارکان سے اختلاف کی بنا پر اس سے الگ ہوگئے، وہ چند دنوں سے شیعہ سنی اتحاد کی کوشش میں تھے۔
وہ...
For the development of Muslim society it is necessary that its people should be trained on the basis of Islamic teachings. This could not be possible until we design a curriculum of seerah which is according to the contemporary needs of character building. The purpose of designing such curriculum is to train our youth in such a way that they would be able not only to take advantage from our rich tradition but also they are well prepared to hold the leadership of the country. We have to keep in mind, while designing seerah curriculum, that it is not revealed. Infact we have to design it according to the needs of hour. If we keep in consideration the ideological and contemporary requisites than we would be able to get the desired results. Islam provides basic principals in this regard. Following these instructions we would be able to design a curriculum which produced the required results.
Mastitis is one of the most economically important diseases of dairy animals in Pakistan. The cure rate of mastitis with the use of antibiotics/antibacterials leaves a lot to be desired. In addition, the use of these agents leads to undesireable residues in milk and poses a host of problems to milk processing industry. Therefore, measures other than the use of antibiotics/antibacterials are being investigated to improve the mastitis cure rate. Keeping these considerations in perspective, the current study was planned with the objective to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and cost-effectiveness of autogenous herd and animal-specific mastitis vaccines alone and in combination with antibiotic based rational therapy after investigating the magnitude of clinical and subclinical mastitis in Tehsil Faisalabad. The current study was compartmentalized into 3 parts. In part I of the study, cattle and buffaloes of 19 villages from 59 Union Councils of Tehsil Faisalabad were screened for subclinical mastitis using surf field mastitis test (SFMT) and 10% of the randomly selected clinically and subclinically mastitic quarters were subjected to microbiological examination of milk. Part II of the study envisaged evaluation of herd-specific mastitis vaccines in 3 dairy herds managing at least 50 animals. The mastitic animals of each farm were randomly divided into 3 equal groups.Group 1 received herd-specific mastitis vaccine @ 5ml/animal I/M twice at an interval of two weeks (Protocol I). Group 2 was treated with standard mastitis therapy i.e. Tylosin @ 10mg/kg for three days I/M + amoxicillin & clavulanic acid @ 600 mg I/mm infusion daily for 5 days (Protocol II) whereas Group 3 received combination of herd-specific autogenous vaccine and standard mastitis therapy (Protocol III). Part III of the study aimed at evaluation of animal-specific autogenous vaccines on 60 (clinical n=30; subclinical n=30) cows and buffaloes belonging to small holder farmers and commercial or institutional farms. Evaluation parameters of part II and III of the study included: clinical severity score, SFMT score, clinical and bacteriological cure rate, somatic cell count (SCC), milk quantity and any untoward effect. Cost-benefit analysis of protocol I, II and III was conducted. The data thus generated were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Chisquare test, where relevant. Regarding prevalance of mastitis A total of 24467 buffaloes and 13061 cows were screened during this study.A total of 4231 buffaloes and 3256 cows were found to be suffering from mastitis indicating 17.29 and 24.93% prevalence in the respective species. The overall or composite (buffaloes plus cows) prevalence was 19.95%.Whereas regarding occurrence of mastitic pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus was most predominant micoorganism in the locale. A better SFMT based cure rate, clinical cure rate, bacteriological cure rate and significantly reduced somatic cell counts and plate count values were observed in animals which were provided with herd-base or animal base autogenous mastitis vaccine alone or in combination with antibiotic therapy in subcinically or clinically mastitic animals. When cost benefit analysis of the protocol-I was carried out it resulted in an average net profit ofRs.359/animal/day on herd basis, while Rs. 331.75 and 362.65/animal/day for subclinical and clinical mastitis when prepared on animal-specific basis.