المبحث الرابع: دواوين نازك الملائكة بالترتيب
1۔ صدر لنازک أول دیوان ’’عاشقۃ اللیل‘‘ فی عام 1947م
2۔ الدیوان الثاني ’’شظایا ورماد‘‘ صدر لنازک في عام 1949م ۔
3۔ الدیوان الثالث: ’’قرارۃ الموجۃ‘‘ صدر الدیوان الثالث لنازک الملائکۃ عام 1957م ۔
4۔ الدیوان الرابع (شجرۃ القمر) في عام 1968م صدر ھذا الدیوان في 1968م ۔
5۔ الدیوان الخامس (مأساۃ الحیاۃ وأغنیۃ للإنسان) ۔
جمعت نازک الملائکۃ دواوینھا الخمسۃ، ’’عاشقۃ اللیل‘‘، شظایا ورماد‘‘ ، ’’قرارۃ الموجۃ‘‘، ’’شجرۃ القمر‘‘، مطولۃ شعریۃ ودیوان‘‘ مأساۃ الحیاۃ وأغنیۃ للإنسان‘‘ ۔ ضمن مجلدین صدرا بعنوان (دیوان نازک الملائکۃ) في بیروت وکان ذلک في عام 1971م۔
وآخر قصیدۃ تم نشرھا للشاعرۃ العظیمۃ ورائدۃ ’’الشعر الحر‘‘ ھي قصیدۃ ’’أنا وحدي‘‘ عند ما کانت مریضۃ ومقیمۃ في مصر۔ وبعد وفاۃ زوجھا عبدالھادي محبوبۃ أحسّت الشاعرۃ بأنھا بالفعل وحیدۃ، لیس ھناک من یشارکھا في أفراحھا ولا من یواسیھا في ھمومھا۔۔۔۔۔ توفت الشاعرۃ العظیمۃ وترکت دواوینھا ذکری علی مرّ السنین وداعاً أیتھا المرأۃ القویۃ والإنسانۃ الذکیۃ۔۔۔۔ وداعاً۔
الديوان الأول: "عاشقة الليل"
صدر لنازك الملائكة أول ديوان "عاشقة الليل" في عام 1947م قدمت الشاعرة المعروفة هذه الأبيات الرائعة للعراق والأمة العربية .فهذا جزء من القصيدة
أعبّرعمّا تحسّ حياتي
وارسم إحساس روحي الغريب
فأبكي إذاصدمتني السنين
بخنجرها الأبديّ الرهيب
وأضحك مماقضاه الزمان
على الهيكل الأدميّ العجيب
وأغضب حين يداس الشعور
ويسخرمن فوران اللهيب
وقصيدة وادي العبيد قصيدة رائعة من ديوان " عاشقة الليل " لنازك الملائكة وهي قصيدة حزينة تصف الشاعرة فيها أحاسيسها الحزينة ومشاعرها المليئة بالآلام والمآسي .
الديوان الثاني: "شظايا ورماد "
صدر نازك الملائكة ديوانها الثاني "شظاياورماد" في سنة 1949م .
وفي هذه الأبيات تأكدت ريادتها للشعر الحديث الحر، في مقدمة الديوان وضحت الشاعرة الأوزان الأساسية للشعر الحر، ثم وضحت أهمية الشاعرة بالنسبة إلى اللغة وتقول " أن شاعراً واحداً قد يصنع للغة مالا يصنعهُ ألف نحوي ولغوي مجتمعين . ذلك "أن الشاعر بإحساسه المرهف وسمعه...
According to the traditionists, a Hadith can only be considered reliable when its Sanad offers an unbroken series of credible and veracious authorities till the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.). The critical investigation of the Sanad had caused the Muslim Scholars to make thorough research. They endeavored not only to ascertain the names and circumstances of the narrators in order to investigate where and when they lived and which of them had been personally acquainted with the other, but also to test their reliability, truthfulness and accuracy in transmitting the texts, to make certain which of them were reliable. Special works are also devoted to this subject among them many of the so-called Tabqāt works (that is biographies arranged in Islam & Muslims of various scholars). This article develops the concepts and tools for the systematic study of the mechanics of survival for medieval Islamic books. These concepts and tools are then applied to studying the history of the earliest extant biographical dictionary of the Islamic tradition.
The United States of America’s War on Terror (WOT) and its implications is a most debated agenda item in Pakistan. A mixed method study has been therefore conducted to fulfil four purposes; to ascertain the extent of WOT’s impact on the wellbeing of the tribal youth in Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA); to assess the impact of WOT on education in FATA; to determine the sentiments of tribal youth for United States of America; and to identify the influence of education on the change of tribal youth’s sentiments for United States of America. The impact of WOT on the wellbeing of the youth has been ascertained through conduct of qualitative study on one thousand and forty two students of FATA, who experienced WOT and were separately enrolled (five hundred and twenty one students each) with educational institutions, as well as deeni madaris in FATA and with universities in Islamabad by using phenomenography approach. Same approach has been used to record tribal youth’s sentiments for United States of America. Whereas the case study research approach has been used to ascertain the impact of WOT on education. The tribal youth’s experiences related to WOT were recorded through conduct of interviews by using Childhood War Trauma Questionnaire (CWTQ) and Child Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Scale (CPSS). The study not only concluded the tribal youth’s sufferings from war traumas to include its displacement; separation from parents; loss of close relations; witnessing of torturing, intimidations, injuring and / or killings; exposure to the armed combat; facing harassment and manhandling; sustaining of physical injuries; active or passive involvement in the hostilities; and extreme depravation but also observed both presence of a high level of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms and existence of functional impairment among majority of the tribal youth. The tribal youth’s hostile sentiments for the United States of America being the proprietor of WOT were also identified as a general phenomenon among entire youth belonging FATA; however, the FATA students studying in universities of Islamabad did express some pro-American sentiments which may be attributed to their exposure to better educational opportunities. The study also concluded significant impact of WOT on education in FATA and the glaring incidents included; destruction of educational institutions by militants; dysfunctionality of educational institutions; decrease in educational institutions, students and teachers; high dropouts and uncontrolled repetitions of classes by the students; over-crowdedness; disturbed students to institution, classroom and teacher ratios; deterioration in literacy levels; high levels of teachers absenteeism; reliance for formal education on deeni madaris; and above all large youth being out of school. The study also makes valuable recommendations for improving wellbeing of the tribal youth, as well as education sector in FATA and suggests guidelines for the future studies.