مولانا محمد مبارک علی
مولانا محمد مبارک علی صاحب جن کی عمرچھیاسی برس کے قریب ہوگی حضرت شیخ الہند کے شاگردِ خاص اورآپ سے بیعت بھی تھے اورحضرت کی اسارتِ مالٹا کے بعد حضرت الاستاذ مولانا مفتی عزیز الرحمن صاحب ؒ سے تجدیدِ بیعت کرلی تھی اور حضرت مفتی صاحب کے خدام خاص میں شامل ہوکر حضرت موصوف ہی سے طریقہ نقشبندی میں اجازت بیعت و ارشاد حاصل کی۔ایک عرصہ تک ٹونک میں صدر مفتی رہے اورریشمی خطوط کی تحریک سے بھی تعلق خاص رہا۔ غالباً ۱۹۱۹ء میں مدراس (پرناہٹ) تشریف لے گئے تھے اورپھر بریلی کے قدیم مدرسہ مصباح العلوم میں صدارت درس کی خدمت انجام دی۔اب کم وبیش اڑتیس سال سے دارالعلوم دیوبند میں نائب مہتم کے عہدہ پرفائز تھے۔اہتمام و انتظام میں دسترس کے علاوہ کبھی کبھی حدیث کی کسی کتاب کادرس بھی دیتے تھے۔ تقویٰ وطہارت اوراخلاق وشمائل کے لحاظ سے سلف صالحین کانمونہ اورمثال تھے۔ صدحیف!دنیا اب ایسے حضرات سے خالی ہوتی جارہی ہے۔تغمد ھمااﷲ بمغفرتہ ورحمتہ ۔ [ستمبر۱۹۶۸ء]
Ethical Vices in Divine Books (Quran & Bible): A Comparative Study Morality implies values that distinguish between good and bad behavior. Divine religions have private behavioral value frameworks that are intended to guide followers in determining between right and wrong. Moral values are important in life because: If a person has never learned about moral values then how can he/she decide between the good and the bad. Moral values reflect an individual's character and spirituality. They help in building good relationships in personal as well as professional lives. In this article comparative study of ethical vices’ in light of divine books has been conducted. While doing so the behaviors like Pretention, Miserly, scrooge, Exuberance, Slandering, to lie, Faults/ Curiosity, make fun etc. Are being discussed and analyzed in order to highlight the moral teachings of the divine books. Texts from Torah, Psalm, Gospels and Quran on these vices are studied and analyzed. Study shows that divine books other than Quran have discussed immoral or wicked behavior briefly and just point out the vices but Quran and Sunnah discussed in detail about wicked behavior and also educate about the strategies that can steer you away from temptations and vices. Thus, the Qur’ᾱnic laws and injunctions make our life good and purposeful in this world and hereafter.
Rosa centifolia is one of the famous oil producing species of roses, used to extract oil and other products. The present study was performed at Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad (Pakistan) to evaluate the morphological and genetic diversity among different genotypes of Rosa centifolia taken from Pakistan and USA and to develop an in vitro propagation protocol for mass production of healthy plants round the year. For study morphological diversity 24 plant, leaf and flower parameters were selected from (UPOV) plant descriptor. Data of these parameters from 8 genotypes of Rosa centifolia found in 8 districts of Punjab, Pakistan and 8 genotypes found in USA was collected according to the descriptor. Young unopened leaves of these genotypes were collected for DNA extraction through CTAB method, which was used for genetic analysis by SSR markers. For in vitro propagation of Rosa centifolia young axillary buds were used as explant. Different concentrations of BAP (0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 μM) and Kinetin (0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 μM) alone and in combination were used for shoot formation. For root induction various concentrations of IBA (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 μM) and NAA (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 μM) were used. Statistical analysis was performed on the data by using SAS statistical analysis (Version 9.3) software. Principle component analysis was used to indicate the morphological diversity among 8 genotypes of Rosa centifolia in Pakistan and 8 from USA. It showed the highest phenotypic diversity between Sargodha and Sheikhupura genotypes while maximum similarity was observed between Pattoki and Faisalabad genotypes. Among 8 genotypes of Rosa centifolia from USA, maximum phenotypic association was noticed within Fantin- Latour and Rosa de Meaux while maximum diversity was between Cabbage rose 2 and Paul Ricault. During studying genetic diversity by using SSR markers genetic similarity was observed among the genotypes of one district but genotype of different districts expressed genetic diversity, which was maximum between Kahror Pakka and Pattoki genotypes but minimum between Faisalabad and Sheikhupura genotypes from Pakistan. Rosa centifolia of Pakistan and Cabbage rose 2 of USA were in the same group, which reflect genetic relationship between them. During comparison of Rosa centifolia with Rosa damascena, Pakistani genotypes of Rosa centifolia were genetically more closer to Rosa damascena genotype from Isfahan (Iran) and Pattoki (Pakistan). Rosa damascena Faisalabad was in separate group than other Rosa damascena genotypes and showed closer genetic association with Rose de Meaux and Gros Choux d’Hollande. During in vitro propagation of Rosa centifolia BAP at 0.4 μM along with 0.2 μM of Kinetin produced shoots with minimum number of days (10.20). BAP at concentration of 0.2 μM proved as prominent by producing maximum number of shoots (1.93) while 0.2 μM BAP in combination with 0.2 μM Kinetin produced shoots with maximum shoot length (5.55 cm). MS media supplemented with higher concentration (0.4 μM and 0.6 μM) of BAP along with 0.2 μM Kinetin first produced callus on the explants and after few days it also produced the shoots. In case of root induction 0.4 μM IBA proved excellent and produced roots with minimum number of days (10.07), maximum number of roots (2.47) and maximum root length (4.21 cm).