خدائے سخن‘‘ کی نظمیں
نظم کے معنی ’’موتیوں کی لڑی‘‘ کے ہیں۔موتیوں کو لڑی میں پرونا ہے۔لیکن ادبی اصلاح میں نظم سے مراد اشعار کا وہ مجموعہ ہے جس میں کوئی ایک مرکزی خیال ہوتا ہے۔بہت زیادہ اشعار ہونے کی صورت میں خیال کی درجہ بدرجہ بڑھوتری کو ظاہر کرنے کے لیے اشعار کو مختلف حصوں میں تقسیم کر لیا جاتا ہے تاکہ نظم کے معنی اور مفہوم کو اجاگر کیا جا سکے۔نظم میں ایک خیال یا تصور کو موضوع بنایا جاتا ہے۔نظم میں اشعار کی تعداد مقرر نہیں ہوتی صرف خیال کے تسلسل کو سامنے رکھا جاتا ہے۔
نظم میں موضوع کی کوئی پابندی نہیں ہوتی۔اس میں کسی بھی موضوع پر اظہار خیال کیا جا سکتا ہے موضوع چاہے تاریخی ہویا جغرافیائی دینی ہویا دنیاوی،تہذیبی ہویا ثقافتی،معاشی ہو یا معاشرتی،سیاسی ہو یا مذہبی،قومی ہو یا انقلابی،قدیم ہو یا جدیدعلمی ہو یا ادبی غرض ہر موضوع اور دنیا کے ہر معاملے،زندگی کے ہر مسئلے اور کائنات کے ہر پہلو پر نظم لکھی جا سکتی ہے۔
موضوع کی طرح نظم کے لیے خاص ہیئت کی پابندی ضروری نہیں جس طرح نظم کا کوئی بھی موضوع منتخب کیا جا سکتا ہے اسی طرح نظم لکھنے کے لیے کوئی بھی ہیئت اختیار کی جا سکتی ہے۔اگرچہ روائیتی طور پر نظم کی کچھ خاص اصناف کے لیے خاص ہیئت مخصوص ہیں۔مگر عام طور پر نظم کے لیے کوئی خاص ہیئت مقرر نہیں کی گئی،یہ بات ہمیں عطا محمد عنبر کی نظموں کی کتاب ’’خدائے سخن‘‘ میں دیکھنے کو ملتی ہے۔انہوں نیاپنے اس شعری مجموعہ میں جو نظمیں شامل کی ہیں۔ان کو مختلف ہیئتوں میں لکھا ہے کہیں کہیں نظم کا تاثر پھیکا پڑتا دکھائی دیتا ہیاور غزلیہ رنگ نمایا ں نظر آتا ہے۔کیونکہ آپ کی بہت ساری نظموں میں سے ایک سے...
It is an admitted fact that Islam is “Universal Din” and a complete code of life. Its universality and conciseness is proved from Quran itself. Quran identifies the universality and surmounts it upon all over other Ady┐n and says, “And He sends his messenger along with righteousness and fait Din-e- ╓aq, so that surpass it upon other Dins, though it will be unpleasant for the polytheists”. The Holy verses shows and argues that Dine- Islam is a superior to all other Dins, it may be through love, arguments, conclusiveness or through state and governed on its completion Quran says, “Today I completed your “Din” for you along with all the blessings and liked Islam as a Din for you”. In a nutshell, the above two mentioned the Holy verses indicate clearly the universality and comprehensiveness, because the “Din” which will be superior and must be universal and precise. Islam is the only religion which is beneficial for all mankind in each and every aspect. Its universality is declared that it is a surety for mankind prosperity. Allah says in His Holy Book, “The Holy Quran” that do justice as it is more nearer to piousness. Allah has described “Justice twenty six times His Holy Book and it is also among one of His qualities. All these show the importance of justice.
Pakistani Society has a rigid, male dominated social structure and is divided into rural, urban and suburban areas. In Pakistan gender discrimination is visible in all fields of life. The struggle of women for their rights got a new shape of emergence during the feminist movements in the beginning of 20th century. Then the movement changed into struggle of women empowerment and it took new pace. The word ‘empowerment of women’ has different meanings for different people and its importance varies subject to the social, cultural, political, ideological and geographic scenario with respect to geological areas. Women’s rights were exploited and violated in Pakistan and women in the society raised their voices for change in their lives. In Pakistani patriarchal society, women are restricted in mobility, their participation in paid jobs is limited, and their economic independence is suffering. In a joint family system in Pakistan, women are also not enjoying the same status as that of men and they are considered an entity of second priority. So, there is a need of empowerment of women for elevation of their status in the society and in the family. Due to its importance the empowerment of women is one of the most debatable issues in Pakistan. Pakistan claims a democratic Islamic state. In social sector, especially in education and health, there is gender gap and women in Pakistan are not getting proper share according to their population. Education is an important factor in the empowerment of women but in Pakistan large majority of women is not getting proper education due to the ignorance. Constructed social norms in the society are also big causes of the deprivation of women about their basic rights. In the political field, share of women is low that means the women have limited authority in the process of decision making. Legal system of Pakistan and available land laws are also not sufficient to protect the women’s rights and implementations of these laws are not done judicially. Under these laws and structured norms of the society, women are trying to get space in the available and constructed social structure. All these conditions in Pakistan and deprivation of women in their rights were source of inspiration of this study. Objective of the present study was to find out the possibilities and opportunities for the empowerment of women in Pakistani Society. A survey from all over Pakistan including all provinces and Gilgit Baltistan was conducted. 600 people were included as sample of the study. Objective of the survey was to find the social, political and economical empowerment of women during the era 1988-2000. The instruments of the study comprised a Likert type questionnaire, and documentary analyses of the data of national elections held in 1988, 1990, 1993, and 1997. From data analysis, it was found that during this era women were deprived from their basic rights and they did not have proper position in the society. There was no sex difference in the opinion and both male and female members of the society observed that the level of women empowerment was at low point. In the four general elections held in Pakistan during the period under study women also participated on general seats. Analysis of the study revealed that participation of women in political process was low and was not in accordance with their population. Even the reserved seats for women were abolished during the said period.