قرآنی اور غیر قرآنی زندگی کا تقابل اور جائزہ

Allah has blessed the human beings with countless blessings, among these; the two most important are life and Quran. To be thankful for these blessings is compulsory, however, it is to be mentioned with regret that we are unaware of this obligation. Life that is not passed in accordance with the defined pattern and stipulations of Quran is a non Quranic pattern of life. Today Muslims have lost dignity by putting aside the Quranic teachings. What is Quranic pattern of life? To know it one has to dive into the sea of Quran and then need to find pearls and shells by pondering and considering on we can unveil the secrets of the universe. Non Quranic pattern of life is not the guarantee of success, rather it is a disgrace in both the worlds. If life is to set on Quranic pattern then one understand Quran well. To deny useless deeds, false beliefs and civilization of human beings are the objectives of Quranic study. ALLAH also wants the same from Believers. Quran is the mentor of all worldly knowledge. All other disciplines are derived from it and all are dependent on the Quran. Therefore it is necessary to have a purposed life and to come out of purposeless life. Once the pattern is according to Quran, all the disappointments and worries of life would end gradually. Life in the light of ALLAH’s orders is a guaranteed peaceful, blessed and eternal successful. What actions come under Quranic pattern of life and which life goes out of its vicinity, this would be discussed in detail in this article.

Organochlorine Residues in the Riverine Ecosystem of Pakistan

Present study aimed to provide the detailed data on Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs) and Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) concentrations, possible sources, their seasonal variation, bioaccumulation and risk assessment. For this purpose; water, sediment and fish samples were collected from 25 site locations at River Chenab, during May 2007 to November 2009. Water samples were extracted by liquid-liquid extraction while sediment and fish samples were Soxhlet extracted, cleaned by column chromatography and finally analyzed by Gas Chromatography/Mass Selective Detector (GC-MSD). Concentration (ng/L) in surface waters (including particulate phase) of River Chenab ranged from 27-1100 and 25-1200 for OCPs and 7.7-110 and 13-99 for PCBs during summer and winter, respectively. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDTs) exhibited the highest concentration in all water samples following by Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCHs), Chlordanes, PCBs and other OCPs in descending order, respectively. DDT and PCB levels in surface water exceeded existing criteria concentration guidelines of USEPA. The concentrations (ng/g, dry weight) in sediment ranged from 29-831 and 11.4-811 for OCPs and 9.3- 129 and 12.5-144 for PCBs during summer and winter seasons. The risk evaluation highlighted the burden of γ-HCH, heptachlor, dieldrin and DDTs levels in 70% sediments, while PCBs concentration in 35% of sediment exceeded Effect Range Low (ERL) and Threshold Effect Level (TEL) values. Different indicative ratios for organochlorine residues in both water, and sediment suggested current use, long range transport along with past application of these chemicals. Statistical analysis highlighted agricultural and industrial activities and municipal waste disposal as main source of OCPs and PCBs in the riverine ecosystem of River Chenab. The level of OCPs and PCBs from feeding tributaries (i.e. S20) was relatively greater as compared to those collected from the River Chenab mainstream. The detection frequencies and concentrations of all OCPs and PCBs in water and sediment were higher in winter than those collected in summer season. OCPs and PCBs concentration (ng/g WW) ranged from 13-106 (mean; 38) and 3.1-93.7 (mean; 20) for five herbivorous fish species and 21.5-365 (mean; 148) and 2.4-108 (mean; 30) for six carnivorous species. DDTs, β-HCH, Page XVIII Chlordanes and PCBs detected in fish from distinct trophic levels highlighted biomagnifications. Risk assessments of OCPs and PCBs indicated that fish intake would pose a health risk to human. The findings of present study highlighted the contamination of OCPs and PCBs in River Chenab and there is an urgent need to mitigate the situation. The results can also be helpful for future management of other fresh water resources in the same region.