شیرمادر بینک (Mother’s Milk Bank) کا شرعی حکم

The emergence of human milk banks for premature and underweight babies in the early twentieth century raised many questions about the proscription of breastfeeding kinship as are in Islamic jurisprudence. Many Islamic scholars tries to find its solution in the light of Quran, Sunnah and the sayings of early Imams of Fiqh, but their opinion about this matter was different like the differences of sayings of some Imams, until Islamic Organization for Medical Sciences based in Kuwait and Islamic fiqh Academy Jeddah, called Summits on this issue and decided against the establishment of such banks in Islamic world. The issue seemed to be almost solved until European Council for Fatwa and Research launched an appeal in 2003 against their solution and demanded to legitimate the use of Human Milk from these banks for the children of Muslim families in Europe and USA using the public scourge canon (Umum al Balwa) of fiqh. This appeal once again opened the door of discussion on this matter. This article is an overview of the sayings of early and modern jurisprudents and pros and cons of human milk banks in the quest of solution of this modern problem in the light of Islamic shariah, so that a just and balanced opinion may be adopted in this matter as it is motto of Islamic Law. This discussion will also affect many new problems faced by Muslim communities in European countries as well as Islamic countries in modern era

The Efficacy of Intravenous Hyoscine-N-Butylbromide Buscopan® for the Acceleration of Labour in First Time Parturients: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Objective: to establish the safety and efficacy of hyoscine-N-butylbromide (Buscopan®) in accelerating labour in first time parturients. Design: a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Setting: the antenatal clinic and maternity unit of the Aga Khan University Hospital Nairobi, Kenya. Population: first time parturients in spontaneous labour at term. Methods: women were randomised to receive 40mg of hyoscine-N-butylbromide or sterile water for injection intravenously once they were confirmed to be in active labour. The dose could be repeated once after four hours. Outcome measures: the main outcome measure was the duration of labour from diagnosis of active stage to delivery. Secondary outcome measures were rate of cervical dilatation and postpartum satisfaction score. Safety aspects such as drug adverse effects, APGAR scores and postpartum hemorrhage were explored. Results: a total of 85 were randomised and 79 yielded data for analysis. Of these 37 received hyoscine-N-butylbromide and 42 received placebo. There was no significant difference in the mean duration of active labour to second stage between the drug and placebo arms (396.2 versus 389.3 minutes, respectively, p=0.881, 95% CI -85.9 to 99.8). The mean rate of cervical dilatation in the drug arm was 1.17 centimetres per hour (cm/hr) compared to 1.22cm/hr in the placebo arm. This difference was not statistically significant (p value=0.832, 95% CI -0.5 to 0.4). The postpartum satisfaction scores were similar between the two arms. Hyoscine-N-butylbromide was well tolerated without any major adverse effects observed in either arm. Conclusion: hyoscine-N-butylbromide does not shorten the duration of labour in first time parturients in spontaneous labour. It also does not change maternal satisfaction with care received and is not associated with major adverse outcomes in the mother or newborn.