65. At-Talaq/Annulment of the marriage
I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah
The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.
65:01
a. O The Prophet!
b. Tell the Faithful that when any one of you would intend to divorce your women/wives, divorce them at a time when their prescribed waiting periods can properly start.
c. And count their waiting periods of three monthly cycles accurately,
d. and be mindful of Allah, your Rabb - The Lord.
e. Do not make them leave their houses where they have lived with their husbands, nor should they leave by themselves at their own discretion,
f. unless they are guilty of a flagrant obscenity.
g. And these are the limits set by Allah.
h. And whoever would violate and overstep the limits set by Allah will have surely wronged himself.
i. You never know that Allah may bring about a positive change of circumstances afterwards.
65:02
a. And once they have completed their waiting period,
b. then either keep them honorably, or part with them honorably.
c. And in either case, call to witness two persons of just character among you to the pronouncement of divorce or to its revocation.
d. And O Witnesses!
e. Give truthful witnessing with due consciousness as if before Allah.
f. This is to warn anyone who believes in Allah and the Last Hour.
g. And HE will make a way out of every difficulty and embarrassment for whoever would fear
disobedience of Allah.
65:03
a. And Allah will provide him sustenance of his need from such an unexpected source that he cannot even imagine.
b. And whoever would trust Allah, then HE will be sufficient for him for all his...
It is a matter of proven fact that Islamic shairat is a complete code of life. It is comprehensive and it covers all aspects of human life which include prayers, human rights, marriage, dealings, and justice, etc. Relation between two individuals of opposite gender [known as Nikah (the marriage) ] has also been given great importance and related issues have been discussed in detail, so that man and women, when related with each other, may live their lives happily and peacefully and to remain aloof from sins. In this article it has been comprehensively discussed if after marriage a man is not capable of having sexual relations i. E., Jamah or impotency. What should a woman do? In this respect, Islamic scholars presented different opinion; some consider that Nikah (marriage) would not be void, while others consider that the husband should be given one year time for medical treatment, and if after one year he did not gain the capability, then “Nikah” would be annulled. The word ‘impotence’ has different meanings, including: object to thing, and does not want women. According to Scholars’ terminology: impotence is the inability to penetrate in sexual intercourse. The sexually impotent adult husband identifies him an appointment for a year, if he does not have intercourse, then his impotency will be proved, and his wife may annul the marriage contract. If the sexually impotent is still young, he will not have an appointment. The mad sexually impotent wife postpone as the adult sexually impotent. Castrate wife postpone reserves and retention of marriage contract.
Delay and Energy Efficient TDMA Based MAC Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks Efficient energy consumption in wireless sensors is one of the major constraints in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Multiple contention-based and contention free Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols are designed to make them energy efficient. Sensor nodes are generally deployed in large number where contention based MAC protocols do not perform well due to increased chances of collision. In such scenario, contention free MAC protocols are preferred over contention based MAC protocols. Performance in terms of energy, delay and throughput are not adequate in most of the WSN applications. In this work, we proposed a couple of bit map assisted TDMA based MAC protocols for hierarchical wireless networks named as BS-MAC and BESTMAC. In addition to this, we suggested a modification in IEEE 802.15.4 standard, which enhances its performance without compromising on existing parameters. Both BS-MAC and BEST-MAC are designed for adaptive traffic flow and the main contribution of both of these protocols is that: (a) it uses small size time slots. (b) the number of those time slots is more than the number of member nodes. (c) Short node address (1 Byte) to identify member nodes. These contributions help to handle adaptive traffic loads of all network members in an efficient manner. In BS-MAC, Shortest Job First algorithm is applied to minimize network delay and to enhance the link utilization. However, in BEST-MAC, Knapsack algorithm is used to schedule time slots in an efficient manner to minimize the network delay and better link utilization. In addition to this, scalability is included to adjust new nodes in the mid of a TDMA round. Simulation results show that both BS-MAC and BEST-MAC perform better than the existing TDMA based MAC protocols. An efficient superframe structure for IEEE 802.15.4 Medium Access Control (MAC) layer is also proposed in this work. In this superframe structure, Contention Free Period (CFP) precedes the Contention Access Period (CAP) and more number of slots are used in the same CFP as of original 802.15.4 standard. The standard operates in three different frequency bands as 868MHz, 915MHz and 2400Mhz. As CFP precedes the x CAP, the communication delay for the CFP traffic is exceptionally reduced. The Beacon frame is fine-tuned to achieve the above said superframe structure and makes it backward compatible with the original standard. Due to large number of small slots in CFP, smaller amount of data requesting nodes can be assigned CFP space for communication. The analytical results show that our proposed superframe structure has nearly 50 % less delay, accommodates almost double the number of nodes in CFP and has better link utilization compared to the original 802.15.4 standard during all three frequency bands.