Information Management From the Interpretation of Al-Quran: Study on Tafsir Nur Al-Ihsan

The development of works in the field of Quranic interpretation has grown rapidly in this age. The work in this field has been written in various major languages of the world such as Arabic, English and Malay. The resulting works contain a lot of information quoted from the works written by previous authors. For example, the work of Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan written by Muhammad Said Omar contains a lot of information quoted from Tafsir al-Jalalyn, Tafsir al-Baydawi and Tafsir al-Jamal. Nevertheless, this study found that the information was widely quoted by the author until there was an inaccurate information being referred to by him. Therefore, a method or system should be practiced so that the information contained in the work of Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan can be managed well as well as avoid the mistakes of readers. One way to manage these resources is to identify the original work referred to by the author. The analysis of Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan used the genetic approach which was published by Goldman in studying the origin of the resources. This study referred the text from Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan and the texts of works that became author's references, which are Tafsir al-Jalalyn, Tafsir al-Jamal, Tafsir al-Baydawi, Tafsir al-Khazin, Tafsir al-Baghawi, Tafsir al-Tabari, Tafsir al-Qurtubi, Tafsir al-Razi, Tafsir al-Nasafi, Tafsir Ibn Kathir and Tafsir al-Tha’labi, and made a comparison of the texts to detect the similarities and differences. The result of the analysis proved that Syeikh Muhammad Sa’id implemented five methods; which are quoting the text in parallel, writing an abstract, removal of some of the words, adding explan-ation, and refuting part of the text. This study also revealed the purpose of Syeikh Muhammad Sa’id while creating his work is to strengthen the translations written. Thus, he successfully strengthens translation when the contents of the text are parallel to the reference. However, in certain places existed a text from the author's references contradicts with the content of Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan, which failed his attempt to strengthen the translation in certain part of the text. Key words: , , .

Biosafety Assessment of Transgenic Maize Containing Cemb Antifreeze Afp Gene

Many genetically modified crops have been developed and made available for human and animal use since 1990s. The technology permits cross-species modifications, consequently, it allows an enormous selection of new characters. The utilization of genetically modified crops for animal and human consumption is likely to grow in the future. However, reception of genetically modified crops is often met with criticism and debate in the society. The issue that whether the genetic alteration can lead to unintentional consequences in terms of feed quality or nutrient composition of the grain is of great importance. The present research aimed to investigate the effects of feeding a GM-maize diet to broiler chicken at different doses. A total of 40 chickens were procured, vaccinated and acclimatized to the environment. In this feeding study of 60 days, chickens were randomly divided into four groups with 10 replicates in each group. Diet of control group labeled as D1 contained 50% non-transgenic maize and 50% commercial diet. Second group labeled as D2 was fed 50% transgenic maize and 50% commercial diet. Third group was labeled as D3. Its diet contained a low dosage of transgenic maize i.e. 40% transgenic maize and 50% commercially available diet and 10% of non-transgenic maize. Group four was termed as D4 and its diet was a mixture of 30% transgenic maize, 50% commercial diet and 20% non-transgenic maize. Feed consumption and animal body weight increased normally throughout the trial. At the end of the trial, samples were collected for morphological, biochemical, histopathological and molecular tests and the results showed no significant difference among the groups. Transgene detection in the tissue samples of vital organs showed absence of transgene fragment. Expression profiling of growth-related genes showed no difference in the relative expression among different dietary groups. All these diagnostic tests demonstrate that use of transgenic maize does not have any unintended consequences.