کھوکھلی محبت
میں تیری محبت کی عفت کو کیسے مان لوں
جو کئی قسم کی محبتوں کا مرکب ہے
دغا کی عفونت
لالچ کی رنگینیاں
جھوٹ کی نمائش
فریفتگی کے جھانسے
وعدوں کا فریب
اس عارضی رنگین مرکب کو کیا سمجھوں
چند روزہ سکوں۔۔؟
یا غلاظت کے ڈھیر پہ پڑا ہوا گلاب
Goldziher 1850-1921 is a Jewish Orientalist. His interest in the study of Islam took him to the famous Syrian scholar Sheikh Tahir Al-Jazāirī and after spending a long time in his company he moved to Palestine and then to Egypt. Where he benefited from the scholars of Aẓhar University. Among the Orientalists who have formally and fundamentally debated the Qur'anic text and recitations is Gold Poison. He is known for his objections to Hadith and Qur'anic recitations. Dr. Abdul Haleem Al-Najjar, a lecturer at Cairo University, has translated the famous book Muslim Studies of Goldziher into Arabic concerning the different methods and methods of recitation, tafsir, and tafsir of the Holy Quran. This translation was first published by Maktab al-Khanji in Cairo, Egypt in 1955 and reached the hands of the masters of science and literature and became popular. This book is a unique and brand new work of its kind in presenting various topics of the Quran and important aspects of Islamic culture and history in an excellent manner and style. Goldziher proved his meticulous study of the religions of Tafsir al-Islami and his in-depth study of Islam. But there is a difference between a Muslim and a non-Muslim studying Islam, this difference is visible in this book. Goldziher did not describe all the methods of commentary in this book. In addition, the author, like other Orientalists, has erred in interpreting some religious sentiments. Some Muslim scholars call such objections to Goldziher scientific errors. And some see it as part of a deliberate Zionist Orientalist conspiracy. However, the aspects of Tafseer which Goldziher has written about are very important, and much more needs to be written about them. Goldziher's investigation into the Qur'anic text has opened up new avenues for other Orientalists.The said article will present an analytical study of the Qur'anic text, Goldziher's objections to various recitations, and the contents of the book.
The importance of trade has been recognized as a vital component of sustainable development for an economy. To achieve the goal of sustained economic growth, economies always try to maximize the benefits of trade and especially exports. The purpose of the study is to investigate the impact of Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) plus on the economic growth of Pakistan. The European Union, the largest trading partner of Pakistan granted this status to Pakistan in December 2013. The study attempted to employ the Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model in its global version called Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) to measure the economic gains for Pakistan at macro level under the GSP plus status. The study also used MyGTAP, developed by Minor & Walmsley (2013) to calculate the impact at the household level. This MyGTAP model uses the data of the latest available Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) to makes changes in the standard GTAP by including multiple types of household and labor. The results of different simulations run by standard GTAP and MyGTAP reveal that there is an overall increase in the GDP of Pakistan. The results of all simulations by using standard GTAP 09 suggest a positive change in the real GDP, real investment, merchandise imports and terms of trade of Pakistan while the merchandise exports of Pakistan show decline in case of the second simulation. The main findings of the simulations, run under MyGTAP model also show a positive change in real GDP, merchandise imports, real investment and terms of trade while the first simulation shows a negative change in merchandise exports. Similarly, – EBA status of Pakistan in the EU28 show an increase in the household income with maximum gain by the household of rural Sindh with no agriculture land and a positive change in real wages of most of the factors. However, the large and medium agricultural household types show a negative change in household income in case of the first simulation. Comparatively low improvement over the urban and non-farm household of rural areas of Pakistan. Keywords: Economic growth, trade, GSP Plus, European Union, CGE model, real GDP, terms of trade, real investment, household income etc.