مولانا سید محمد سلیمان اشرف
چار سلیمانوں کی رباعی قاضی محمد سلیمان صاحب مصنف رحمتہ للعالمین کی وفات سے مثلث ہوگئی تھی، شاہ سلیمان صاحب پھلواروی کی رحلت سے وہ فرد بن گئی تھی، اب اخیر اپریل ۱۹۳۹ء میں مولانا سلیمان اشرف صاحب (استاذ دینیات مسلم یونیورسٹی) کی موت سے مصرع ہوکر رہ گئی، دیکھنا یہ ہے کہ یہ مصرع بھی دنیا کی زبان پر کب تک رہتاہے۔
بہت آگے گئے باقی جو ہیں تیار بیٹھے ہیں
مولانا سید محمد سلیمان اشرف صاحب مرحوم بہار کے ایک مردم خیز دیہات کے رہنے والے اور شرفائے سادات کے خاندان سے تھے، ان کے والد مرحوم حکیم عبداﷲ صاحب اور ان کے اعمامِ محترم مولانا عبدالقادر صاحب، مولوی عبدالرزاق صاحب، مولوی عبدالغنی صاحب و مولانا عبید اﷲ صاحب اہل علم و فقر تھے، مولانا مرحوم نے درس کا بڑا حصہ مولانا محمد احسن صاحب استھانوی بہاری سے حاصل کیا تھا اور کچھ دن دارالعلوم ندوہ میں بسر کئے تھے، اور آخر میں مظق و فلسفہ کی آخری کتابیں مولانا ہدایت اﷲ خان صاحب رامپوری ثم الجونپوری سے پڑھی تھیں، جو یورپ میں خیر آبادی سلسلہ کے خاتم تھے، مولانا سید سلیمان اشرف صاحب مرحوم کو حقیقت یہ ہے کہ اپنے استاد کے ساتھ عقیدت ہی نہیں، بلکہ عشق تھا، ان کے حالات وہ جب کبھی سناتے تھے، تو ان کے طرز بیان گفتار کی ہراد اسے ان کی والہانہ عقیدت تراوش کرتی تھی۔
مرحوم خوش اندام، خوش لباس، خوش طبع، نظافت پسند، سادہ مزاج اور بے تکلف تھے، ان کی سب سے بڑی خوبی ان کی خودداری اور اپنی عزت نفس کا احساس تھا، ان کی ساری عمر علی گڑھ میں گذری جہاں امراء اور ارباب جاہ کا تانتا لگا رہتا تھا، مگر انھوں نے کبھی کسی کی خوشامد نہیں کی، اور نہ ان میں سے کسی سے دب...
Elm-ul-Fawasil (Intespace) is the knowledge of the leading verses of the Quran. To inquire the numer of verses, interspace is the main objective of this knowledge. We have so far considered the miraculous characteristics of the Quran from the scientific and historical points of view. In addition to this, the Quran aslo possesses an astounding, inimitable style from the literacy perspective. The words employed in the Quran are exceedingly special, both in terms of meaning and also of fluency and effect style. Quran is the ultimate miracle of God. The present Quran is in the some condition as it was revealed because almighty Allah has been taken the responsibility its protection. This paper present the definition of Elm-ul-Fawasil, Histoy, etymology, title, its types and the importance of this knowledge.
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consisted of various low-cost devices that had limited
battery power for surveillance of certain vicinity. The objective of WSNs had accomplished the given
tasks within time in an efficient manner. The main concern was to prolong the network lifetime to
save energy. The heterogeneous nodes deployed in the given vicinity divided into two
INSTANT-OFF and NEVER-OFF states and then each one further subdivided into three (Good,
Better and Best) by Fuzzy Inference System (FIS). The cluster boundary was defined by parameter
Distance from Base Station (DisBS) and its linguistic terms such as very close, close, medium, far
and very far to meet the unequal clustering approach. The INSTANT-OFF (Good, Better and Best)
which had three states active, idle, sleep and always worked as Cluster Members (CMs) to sense the
physical environment. The NEVER-OFF (Good, Better and Best) had active and idle states. The first
two most optimum NEVER-OFF selected as Cluster Head (CH) and Data Collector (DC) and the
remaining belonged to CMs. If only one NEVER-OFF (Good, Better or Best) was available in a
cluster then both jobs as CH as well as DC performed by it. If none NEVER-OFF (Good, Better and
Best) were available in the cluster then re-clustering setup took place by BS.
In this research, Near-Optimal Energy Aware Approach through INSTAN-OFF and NEVER-OFF
Clustering by Fuzzy Logic (NOEA-INCFL), the energy was consumed during sensing, processing
and transmission phase by its appropriate nodes. The CMs worked as a reactive manner and saved
energy by idle and sleep states while the CH and DC worked in a proactive mode and saved energy in
idle state. The sensing job was done by CMs that consumed a minor amount of energy and
transmitted packets of 200 bits length to DC. The second more energy consumption job was
processing, performed by DC. The DC received packets of 200 bits length from CMs and aggregated
them into 6400 bits length packets then delivered it to CH. The most energy consumption job was
communication with BS that performed by CH hop by hop through other CH. The unequal clustering
approach maintained the consumption of energy levels throughout WSNs. The reactive and proactive
mechanisms saved the energy as 85.1033% in 2000 rounds; increased lifetime up to 774 rounds,
re-clustering setup took place after 1912 rounds as well as enhanced the throughput as 100% and
latency time 0.001123 in the first round. This approach was implemented and evaluated through MATLABand its simulation in OMNET++.